A new pre-crash system for side impact protection

Tandler, J.; Zimmerman, Eric; Muntean,; Seipel, Björn; Koch, Tom; Willersinn, Dieter; Grinberg, Michael; Mayer, Christian; Diez, Mónica

doi:10.1080/13588260802411499

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…16 The goal was detection of imminent side collisions to enable timely activation of novel occupant protection systems. 17 The sensor system under consideration here is a sidelooking stereo video camera. 18 For the realization of a robust and reliable object detection, a generic approach had to be chosen.…”

Section: Overall System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handling of split-and-merge effects and occlusions using feature-based probabilistic data association

Grinberg

Ohr

2010

Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVII: Algorithms and Techniques

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One of the big challenges in multi-target tracking is the track management and correct data association between measurements and tracks. Major reason for tracking errors are detection failures such as merged, split, incomplete or missed detections as well as clutter-based detections (phantom objects). Those effects combined with uncertainties in existence and number of objects in the scene as well as uncertainties in their observability and dynamic object state lead to gross tracking errors. In this contribution we present an algorithm for visual detection and tracking of multiple extended targets which is capable of coping with occlusions and split and merge effects. Unlike most of the state-of-the-art approaches we utilize information about the measurements' composition gained through tracking dedicated feature points in the image and in 3D space, which allows us to reconstruct the desired object characteristics from the data even in the case of detection errors due to above-mentioned reasons. The proposed Feature-Based Probabilistic Data Association approach resolves data association ambiguities in a soft threshold-free decision based not only on target state prediction but also on the existence and observability estimation modeled as two additional Markov chains. A novel measurement reconstruction scheme allows for a correct innovation in case of split, merged and incomplete measurements realizing thus a detection-by-tracking approach. This process is assisted by a grid based object representation which offers a lower abstraction level of targets extent and is used for detailed occlusion analysis

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Section: Overall System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handling of split-and-merge effects and occlusions using feature-based probabilistic data association

Grinberg

Ohr

2010

Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVII: Algorithms and Techniques

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show abstract

“…The video-based object tracking framework which is taken as a basis for this work has been built at Fraunhofer IITB in the course of the EU funded project APROSYS [17]. The goal was detection of imminent side collisions to enable timely activation of novel occupant protection systems [18]. The sensor system under consideration here is a side-looking stereo video camera [19].…”

Section: Overall System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature-Based Probabilistic Data Association (FBPDA) for visual multi-target detection and tracking under occlusions and split and merge effects

Grinberg

Ohr

Beyerer

2009

2009 12th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems

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Uncertainties in the sensor data such as measurement noise, false detections caused by clutter, as well as merged, split, incomplete or missed detections due to a sensor malfunction or occlusions (both due to the limited sensor field of view and objects in the scene) make multi-target tracking a very complicated task. Thus one of the big challenges is track management and correct data association between detections and tracks. In this contribution we present an algorithm for visual detection and tracking of multiple extended targets under occlusions and split and merge effects. Unlike most of the state-of-the-art approaches we utilize low-level information integrating it in a unified approach based on a thresholdfree probabilistic conception. The introduced scheme makes it possible to utilize information about composition of the measurements gained through tracking of dedicated feature points in the image and resolves data association ambiguities in a soft decision using a globally optimal probabilistic data association approach. Beside existence evolution consideration we also exploit the spatial and temporal relationship between stably tracked points and tracked objects, which along with observability analysis, allows us for reconstruction of compatible measurements and thus correct track update even in cases of splits, merges and partial occlusions of the tracked targets.

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“…In order to determine the kinetic law, Abeyaratne and Knowles [12,13] have determined the driving force and the propagation speed of the phase boundary. Some experimental work related to damage behavior of shape memory alloy composites can be found in [14], and people are trying to integrate SMA-based devices in pre-crash systems or absorbing devices [15,16]. The first approach is clearly fully experimental and the design is based on very simple considerations of the behavior of the SMA device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isothermal and anisothermal implementations of 2D shape memory alloy modeling for transient impact response calculation

Collet

Ouisse

Foltête

et al. 2009

Smart Mater. Struct.

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A numerical implementation of the Raniecky Lexcellent (RL) [1, 2, 3] model for shape memory alloys (SMA) coupled with heat equation is presented in the paper, adapted to high strain rate loading. The objective is to predict the time response of a 2D SMA structure subjected to an impulse force and induced free vibration with a decreasing amplitude for isothermal and anisothermal conditions. The choice of the material mechanical properties has been done in order to have phases transformations during the oscillations. The apparent damping and stiffness effects due to these phase changes is clearly identified when the results are compared with a linear model without induced martensite. The thermomechanical constitutive relation of the SMA has been fullfiled to be able to take into account time reaction when the strain rate is very high. The full model has been implemented in a finite element code and tested on a 2D sample.

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A new pre-crash system for side impact protection

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Handling of split-and-merge effects and occlusions using feature-based probabilistic data association

Handling of split-and-merge effects and occlusions using feature-based probabilistic data association

Feature-Based Probabilistic Data Association (FBPDA) for visual multi-target detection and tracking under occlusions and split and merge effects

Isothermal and anisothermal implementations of 2D shape memory alloy modeling for transient impact response calculation

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