A New Precipitation Hardened Austenitic Stainless Steel Investigated by Electron Microscopy

Dani, Mohammad; Dimiyati, Arbi; Iskandar, Mohamad Riza; Rivai, Abu Khalid; Parikin, Parikin

doi:10.14716/ijtech.v9i1.888

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, increasing the sintering time will ultimately decrease the islands' diameter, although it does not seem to have affected the changes in the (Cr,Fe)7C3 particle size. A similar case was also found in a study of an austenitic super alloy that was subjected to annealing and normalization, followed by various cooling rates (Dani et al, 2018). The decreasing number of eutectic structures during sintering, followed by an increase in the boundaries of inter-dendrites, will have a beneficial effect on the mechanical and physical properties for the 57Fe17Cr25NiSi super alloy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…To develop alloys with reliable and improved mechanical and thermal properties, various methods are used by adding different elements such as Nb, Ti, Zr, V, W, Co and Mo into the super alloy, and by the hardening of solid solutions for the matrix and hardening precipitation for both the matrix and grain boundaries. Several studies (for example, Hong et al, 2001;Geddes et al, 2010;;Fukunaga et al, 2014;Silva et al, 2017;Dani et al, 2018) have conducted heat treatment and cooling with various media to modify the microstructure of -austenite and the grain boundary to achieve alow density of (Fe,Cr)23C6 particles and Cr deflection zones. In fact, grain boundary in the austenitic super alloy may be constructed by the eutectic structures of Fe-Cr-C alloys consisting of M23C6 islands and a precipitate free zone (Choi et al, 1996); M23C6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi Austenitic Super Alloy after Arc Plasma Sintering

Dani¹,

Dimyati²,

Parikin³

et al. 2019

IJTech

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The microstructure and deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi super alloy are investigated in this study. The super alloy was produced from a mixture of granular ferro-scrap, ferro chrome, ferro silicon and ferro manganese raw materials by the casting method and then sintered using arc plasma for 4 and 8 minutes. The super alloy has been proposed in nuclear as well as fossil power plant facilities, such as vessels and heat exchangers. A combination of microscopy investigations by means of X-ray diffraction and high-resolution powder diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques was conducted in order to obtain detailed information about the deformation of super alloy steel and its microstructures, especially fine structures. It was found that the austenitic super alloy microstructure is composed of dendrites of -austenite, which are separated by a eutectic structure of Fe-Cr-C alloy. Arc plasma sintering for 4 to 8 minutes leads to a decrease in the area of the eutectic structure at the inter-dendrites and forms micro strain, from 4.60×10-3 to 5.39-4.06×10-4 .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi Austenitic Super Alloy after Arc Plasma Sintering

Dani¹,

Dimyati²,

Parikin³

et al. 2019

IJTech

Self Cite

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“…These defects may have been induced by machining processes. These defects were also observed in previous reports for a similar sample [20] and for austenitic sample [21]. Figure 5 shows the TEM image of about 3.5 µm crosssection depth (transverse direction) from the surface of the ferritic super alloy steel sample.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Comprehensive Inspection on the Experimental Ferritic Stainless Steel by Means of Transmission Electron Microscopy and Neutron Diffraction Techniques

Parikin¹,

Dani²,

Iskandar³

et al. 2020

MST

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The field of physical metallurgy is one of the primary beacons that guide alloy developments for multipurpose materials such as the in-core structure materials for pressure vessel components and heat exchangers. The surface microstructure of new ferritic steel with significant local constituent materials was characterized by high resolution powder neutron diffractometer (HRPD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), combined with the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The alloy contains73% Fe, 24% Cr, 2% Si, 0.8% Mn, and 0.1% Ni, in %wt. The charge materials were melted by the casting techniques. The neutron diffractograms obtained shows five dominant diffraction peaks at (110), (200), (211), and (220) reflection planes, which is a typical structure for a body centered tetragonal system. The pattern also included some unidentified peaks which were verified to be Al 2 O 3 .54SiO 2 , Cr 23 C 6 , and SiC crystals. A piece of alloy which taken from the middle of the ferritic ingots was also characterized by the HRPD; no unidentified peaks were observed. Results from the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with EDX analyses confirmed the neutron identified phase distributions. Also, oxides and carbides were observed to form mainly close to the surface of the steel. Cracks and pores which probably formed during the preparations were also identified close to the surface. Although the ferritic steel was successfully synthesized and characterized, some unidentified phases and defects could still be found in the produced ingots.

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“…Next, the SIM was transformed to austenite very slowly under recrystallization, which resulted in sluggish grain growth. However, nitrogen in 253 MA ASS can promote the grain growth of austenite (Staśko et al, 2006), cerium and lanthanum, as micro-alloying can be precipitated in grain boundaries resulting in inhibited grain growth (Dani et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2020). Previous works have also shown that V, Nb, and Ti have micro-alloyed retarded austenite grain growth (Staśko et al, 2006;Karmakar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Grain Growth Of 253 Ma and 316l Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Prior Austenite Grain-Size on the Annealing Twin Density and Hardness in the Austenitic Stainless Steel

Anwar¹,

Melinia²,

Pradisti³

et al. 2021

IJTech

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The present study examined the effect of prior austenite grain size on twin density and hardness of austenitic stainless steels (ASS). The 253 MA and 316L ASS were subjected to multipass cold rolling to reduce thickness up to 2.3 mm. Subsequently, the rolled steels were heat treated at 1100°C at 0, 900, 1800, 2700, and 3600 seconds in a tubular furnace in a hydrogen atmosphere. At the end of the annealing time, the rolled steel was quenched in the cooled zone of the tubular furnace until it reached room temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere. Then, microstructure observation of ASS was done to identify the austenitic grain size and annealing twin, and a hardness test was performed using the micro-Vickers hardness scale. The line intercept method was used to measure the changes in 253 MA and 316L austenitic grain sizes. ImageJ software was used to measure grain size and twin length. The results showed that austenite grains of both steels grew normally; 253 MA ASS had a lower SFE and K value than 316L ASS, which indicated that 253 MA ASS had sluggish grain growth, smaller grains, more easily formed annealing twins, and higher twin density. The Hall-Petch coefficient, K', of 253 MA ASS was higher than 316L ASS, which resulted in a higher hardness value. The Sellars, Pande and Hall-Petch models were shown to predict austenite grain sizes, twin density, and hardness in 253 MA and 316L ASS.

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A New Precipitation Hardened Austenitic Stainless Steel Investigated by Electron Microscopy

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Microstructure and Deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi Austenitic Super Alloy after Arc Plasma Sintering

Microstructure and Deformation of 57Fe17Cr25NiSi Austenitic Super Alloy after Arc Plasma Sintering

Comprehensive Inspection on the Experimental Ferritic Stainless Steel by Means of Transmission Electron Microscopy and Neutron Diffraction Techniques

Effect of Prior Austenite Grain-Size on the Annealing Twin Density and Hardness in the Austenitic Stainless Steel

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