A new prediction method for the viscosity of the molten coal slag. Part 1: The effect of particle morphology on the suspension viscosity

Zhou, Jie; Shen, Zhongjie; Liang, Qinfeng; Xu, Jianliang; Liu, Haifeng

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.058

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles are also found to be smaller than the pure TiO 2 nanoparticles, which means that these particles with the same volume fraction have a larger interface and smaller free volume. This impairs free movement of the particles, finally resulting in an increase in the viscosity . That is why the ER fluids of [Dsim]Cl-modified TiO 2 exhibit a higher constant value of shear viscosity at higher shear rates (TiO 2 : 0.37 Pa·s; TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl-1:0.59 Pa·s; TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl-2:0.53 Pa·s).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

Zhao

Yin

Xiao

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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A disulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid, 1,3-disulfonic acid imidazolium chloride ([Dsim]Cl), was synthesized and utilized to prepare TiO 2 -based ionogel nanoparticles (TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl) using a precipitation method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the [Dsim]Cl molecules were introduced into the TiO 2 matrix through electrostatic force between [Dsim]Cl and Ti atoms. The EDS mapping analysis indicated that the elements of [Dsim]Cl were distributed inside and on the surface of the TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles. The electrorheological (ER) properties of TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl ionogel nanoparticles and pure TiO 2 were evaluated under the same conditions. The ER properties of the TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles were found to be closely related to the content of [Dsim]Cl. Dielectric analysis demonstrated that adding an appropriate amount of [Dsim]Cl can enable the TiO 2 nanoparticles to have a higher polarizability and a suitable relaxation time, both of which can significantly enhance the ER effect of the TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles. More significantly, the TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl nanoparticles exhibited a stable yield stress over a wide temperature range from 5 °C to 85 °C, indicating the high thermal stability of the TiO 2 -[Dsim]Cl ionogel nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

Zhao

Yin

Xiao

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…[89,90] Interestingly, the multicomponent slag presents as the non-Newtonian fluid below the LT. [91] The so-called Einstein model [92] has been established to describe such a non-Newtonian trend; a nominal uncertainty of AE10.0% was observed for the molten coal slag. [93] However, to our knowledge, this model has never been used to estimate the viscosity of BF slag.…”

Section: Semiempirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Temperature Thermophysical Property Characterization of Molten Blast Furnace Slag: A Critical Reviews

Liu

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Centrifugal granulation‐assisted thermal energy recovery (CGATER) remains the leading technology for the iron and steel industry to enable the low‐carbon treatment of high‐temperature blast furnace (BF) slag. Accurate knowledge of the thermophysical properties of BF slag is pivotal for the commercialization of the CGATER. However, it presents a formidable task to obtain these quantities due to the extremely high temperature of molten BF slag (≈1500 °C). To date, the thermophysical properties of BF slag have not been well characterized yet. Herein, five typical thermophysical properties including density, viscosity, surface tension, thermal conductivity, and emissivity are scrutinized with emphasis on the experimental measurements and empirical estimates. The working principles of these measurement methods are briefly overviewed and their merits and demerits are highlighted. It is noted that density, viscosity, and surface tension have been intensively studied; the quantities can be estimated with moderate uncertainty. However, the thermal conductivity and emissivity of BF slag are less tackled, mainly because of the scarcity of measurement tools at high temperatures. In the future, innovative measurement tools tailored for high‐temperature materials are essential, not only for enriching the thermophysical property database of BF slag but also for paving the way toward characterizing other complex high‐temperature melts.

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“…The overall residence time when slag flow to the slag cell ( x i , y j ) was given as follows: After the crystal content was considered, the amended viscosity could be calculated by the formula 36 , 37 where X was the crystal volume fraction, which was affected by the slag types, temperature, and crystal growth time. The value of X was 0–1, but whether the crystal volume fraction can reach 1 mainly depends on the slag types and set temperature.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, t was time and A referred to the upper limit of crystallinity that could be reached at this temperature; A < 1. Moreover, the correction factor β was influenced by the particle size (β 1 ), particle shape (β 2 ), and the aspect ratio (β 3 ), given as follows: 36 , 37 where d was the particle size and θ was the particle aspect ratio. C was constant, which was related to the particle shape: when the particles were spherical, C was 1; when the particles were nonspherical, C was 1.235.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MnO was a viscosity reducing component, and the author proposed the viscosities estimation model to estimate and predict the viscosities of the aluminosilicate melts containing MnO. Moreover, the mass ratio of CaO/SiO 2 and MgO/Al 2 O 3 also could be used to judge the slag viscosity. , Besides, Zhou et al , used the malt syrup and the particles with different sizes and morphologies as the simulation medium to study the slag viscosity with the influence of solid phase. The author established the viscosity prediction formula of slag with the liquid phase viscosity and correction factor; the correction factor was affected by the solid particle morphology and content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling Study of the Slag Behaviors Based on Temperature–Time–Viscosity of Crystalline Slag in an Entrained-Flow Gasifier

et al. 2022

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The crystal growth process has an important influence on the viscosity of the slag, which affects the characteristics of the slag layer on the wall of the gasifier. The slag flow and heat transfer model based on temperature–time–viscosity of crystalline slag were established, to predict the slag behaviors and protect gasifier. The results showed the overall viscosity of the slag after considering the residence time effect was higher than that when using the measured viscosity–temperature curve value. The liquid slag thickness, solid slag thickness, and residence time increased after the slag viscosity amendment, while the slag flow velocity and heat flux density decreased. Moreover, several types of crystallized slag were constructed to study the effects of crystal morphology and degree of crystallization difficulty on slag behaviors. The result indicated that the difficulty and crystal morphology of the slag crystallization cannot be ignored when using crystallized slag in gasification.

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A new prediction method for the viscosity of the molten coal slag. Part 1: The effect of particle morphology on the suspension viscosity

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modified with Disulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids for Use as Electrorheological Materials

High‐Temperature Thermophysical Property Characterization of Molten Blast Furnace Slag: A Critical Reviews

Modeling Study of the Slag Behaviors Based on Temperature–Time–Viscosity of Crystalline Slag in an Entrained-Flow Gasifier

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