A New Principle for Initial Traveling Wave Active Power Differential Busbar Protection

Abstract

To avoid the impact of the transient saturation of a current transformer, a fast busbar protection method based on the initial traveling wave integrated active power differential principle is proposed in this paper. The Peterson equivalent model is applied to analyze the initial traveling wave distribution characteristics of the internal and external faults of the busbar. The initial traveling wave active powers of each sampling point on each transmission line connected to the busbar are calculated with the implementation of an S-transform. By introducing the integrated active power actuating quantity and active power braking quantity, a protection criterion with a characteristic braking ratio is proposed. The theoretical analysis and experimental simulation results show that the protection performance is sensitive and reliable, with a quick response and simple criterion, and is essentially not susceptible to the impacts of the initial fault angle, fault type, and fault resistance. INDEX TERMS Busbar protection, initial traveling wave, integrated active power, braking ratio, S-transform.

A hybrid intelligent busbar protection strategy using hyperbolic S‐transforms and extreme learning machines

“…Note that since the busbar protection scheme proposed in the current study is based on a training-and-testing procedure utilizing a well-defined index, its accuracy can be numerically calculated. On the other hand, the methods presented in the articles 9,11,16 are theoretical approaches, whose accuracy is not reported (let us assume the authors claim that the accuracy of a theoretical method is 100%). However, for real-world conditions such as the existence of inrush current, higher levels of noise, higher fault resistances, and/or a wider range of fault angles, the accuracy of these theoretical methods is not guaranteed to be maintained.…”

Funções de Proteção de Sistemas Elétricos Baseadas na Transformada de Stockwell: Revisão Bibliográfica e Implementação

“…Porém, devido ao crescimento dos SEEs, as LTs estão operando cada vez mais próximas dos seus limites de estabilidade, e isso tem se tornado um motivo de preocupação para as concessionárias (Schweitzer et al, 2014). Dessa forma, visando manter a estabilidade do SEE, os pesquisadores têm envidado esforços para reduzir o tempo de operação da proteção, e isso se reflete também nos estudos com a TS, como visto no trabalho apresentado por Wu et al (2019), destacando tal fato como uma tendência de pesquisa para aplicações de proteção no domínio do tempo.…”

“…Dessa forma, a função calcula seis valores de M E e compara com limiares pré-determinados, que quando ultrapassados, detecta-se uma falta. Wu et al (2019) Estaé uma proteção diferencial de barramento com base na integral da potência ativa da primeira onda viajante incidente. Tal algoritmo tem como entradas a tensão trifásica no barramento a ser protegido e as correntes trifásicas das LTs conectadas a esse barramento, sendo amostradas a f S = 200 kHz.…”

“…Sendo K um limiar fixo. Sugere-se configurar K = 4, de acordo com as análises realizadas por Wu et al (2019).…”

A superimposed current based busbar protection scheme using slope degree of grey incidence analysis model

“…• The proposed scheme is faster than those algorithms in [4], [13][14], [16][17], and [22]. • Unlike directional busbar protection schemes in [10][11] and [18][19], which need to measure both voltage and current signals, the proposed scheme only requires to measure the current signal to make a decision. • Unlike transient-based schemes in [5] and [18][19] which suffer from overdamping of transients, this issue is not serious in the proposed algorithm.…”