A New Procedure for Deep Sea Mining Tailings Disposal

Ma, Weibing; Schott, Dingena L.; Lodewijks, Gabriël

doi:10.3390/min7040047

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The collecting part in the miner system is also considered as the key technology, because commercial production must achieve high sweep efficiency [7], and profitable deep sea mining exploitation is only feasible on the premise that there is a Energies 2018, 11, 1938 2 of 19 nodule collector with maximum collecting capacity of 140 kg of wet nodules per second [8]. Except for the high collecting efficiency, eco-friendly mining processes are also in demand because deep sea mining could be a new environmental challenge related to ocean biology [9,10]. To pick up nodules, a variety of collecting methods such as hydraulic methods, mechanical methods and hybrid collection methods have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Hydraulic Collecting Spherical Particles in Deep Sea Mining

et al. 2018

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Hydraulic collecting is the key technology in deep sea mining and dredging engineering. It determines economic benefits of the project and environmental issues. However, mechanistic studies of hydraulic collecting are rarely described. In this study, the mechanism of collecting spherical particles is researched by dimensional analysis and experimental study. The experimental system is established to carry out three kinds of tests including 253 different test cases. The empirical model of collecting performance prediction is established by the tests of vertical force characteristics and vertical incipient motion characteristics of particles in suction flow field. The results show that the vertical suction force coefficient (Cvs) decreases exponentially with the ratio of bottom clearance to diameter of the particle (h/d), increases linearly with the ratio of diameter of the suction pipe to diameter of the particle (D/d), and is nearly independent of Reynolds number (Re). The empirical formula of vertical force and criterion-formula of vertical incipient motion of particles are obtained with the maximum tolerance less than 15%. The phenomenon that the vortex could help strengthen the suction force was observed in the tests. In addition, the characteristics of suction flow field were obtained by flow visualization tests, and applied to explain the force characteristics of particles in the suction flow field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Hydraulic Collecting Spherical Particles in Deep Sea Mining

et al. 2018

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“…The deep-sea bed, until recently a remote and largely pristine environment, is now subject to growing anthropogenic pressures from industrial-scale resource extraction, accidental pollution, and deliberate waste disposal. Deep-sea tailings disposal (DSTD) involves the discharge of finely ground rock slurry from an outfall below the base of the surface mixed layer [ 70 ]. The tailings then flow as a near-bed density current to depths >1000 m ( Figure 27 ), based on [ 71 ].…”

Section: Future Challenges In Reducing Socioenvironmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, Present, and Future of Copper Mine Tailings Governance in Chile (1905–2022): A Review in One of the Leading Mining Countries in the World

Cacciuttolo

Atencio

2022

IJERPH

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How mine tailings storage facilities (TSF) are managed reflects the history, regulatory framework, and environment of a country and locale of the mine. Despite many attempts to find an environmentally friendly strategy for tailings management and governance that balances the needs of society and the ecosystem, there is no worldwide agreement regarding the best practices for tailings management and governance. This article reviews the evolution of copper tailings management and governance in Chile, current practices, and changes that could be or may need to be made to improve practices in response to local environmental conditions and local tolerance for risk. The progress to date in developing a holistic tailings management strategy is summarized. This article also describes recent proposals for the best available technologies (BATs), case histories of Chilean TSF using conventional technology, thickened tailings, paste tailings, filtered tailings, water use reduction, tailings reprocessing to obtain rare earth elements (REEs), circular economy, submarine deep-sea tailings disposal, and ways to avoid failure in a seismic region. Finally, the Chilean tailings industry’s pending issues and future challenges in reducing the socioenvironmental impacts of tailings are presented, including advances made and lessons learned in developing more environmentally friendly solutions.

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“…In this section, the numerical calculation principles and definitions of these evaluation criteria for a sustainable DSM vertical transport plan are explained in detail. The authors' previous work (Ma et al, 2017a;Ma et al, 2017b;Ma et al, 2017c;Ma et al, 2018a;Ma et al, 2018b;Ma et al, 2022) provided further detail concerning these criteria and their ability to systematically evaluate the technological, economic, and environmental impacts of DSM transport plans. Ma et al (2017aMa et al ( , 2017b quantitatively analyses various DSM lifting technologies (e.g., continuous line bucket lifting, hydraulic lifting and airlifting) from the perspective of technical feasibility and economic performance.…”

Section: Evaluation Criteria For Sustainability In Dsm Vertical Trans...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multi-criteria decision making to sustainable deep-sea mining vertical transport plans

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Ever since the concept of deep-sea mining was first described, the prospect of deep-sea mining testing and monitoring has proved to be a subject of great interest. Despite the considerable research and commercial attention given to developing deep-sea mining strategies, no previous study has looked explicitly at the sustainability of deep-sea mining transport plans. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to evaluate the sustainability of deep-sea mining vertical transport plans, using the methodology of fuzzy analytic network process. Major criteria for evaluating deep-sea mining vertical transport plans can be divided into technological, economic, environmental, and social components, each containing both qualitative and quantitative attributes. Weights for each criterion are determined through a questionnaire survey, completed by experts in the fields of environmental impact, policy making, marine mining, project sustainability consultancy and project economic profitability research. The research presented in this paper could be used directly in the sustainability assessment of upcoming deep-sea mining projects, furtherly contributing to the industrialization of the entire deep-sea mining industry.

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A New Procedure for Deep Sea Mining Tailings Disposal

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

Experimental Research on Hydraulic Collecting Spherical Particles in Deep Sea Mining

Experimental Research on Hydraulic Collecting Spherical Particles in Deep Sea Mining

Past, Present, and Future of Copper Mine Tailings Governance in Chile (1905–2022): A Review in One of the Leading Mining Countries in the World

Application of multi-criteria decision making to sustainable deep-sea mining vertical transport plans

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