A New Pyrometallurgical Recycling Technique for Lead Battery Paste Without SO2 Generation—A Thermodynamic and Experimental Investigation

Li, Yun; Chen, Yongming; Tang, Chaobo; Yang, Shuai; Klemettinen, Lassi; Rämä, Minna; Wan, Xingbang; Jokilaakso, Ari

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_90

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The authors proposed a promising cleaner and short-flowsheet technique, named as reductive sulfurfixing co-smelting process (RSFCS) 20,21 , to recycle and recover various valuable metals from leadcontaining waste mixtures 22 . This novel technique is distinguished from the conventional pyrometallurgy techniques by a reducing atmosphere in the processing, combined with sulfur transformation and fixation as a sulfide matte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PbSO4 Reduction Mechanism and Gas Composition at 600–1000°C

Taskinen

Wang

et al. 2021

JOM

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A promising lead-containing wastes recycling method, with sulfur conservation and reductive sulfur-fixing co-smelting process (RSFCS), is proposed. This work investigated the PbSO 4 reduction equilibrium composition, phase conversions, and microscopic transformation mechanisms during the RSFCS process at different temperatures, times, and CO-CO 2 mixtures using thermodynamic modelling, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, and SEM-EDS analysis techniques. At the same time, the gaseous products were collected and analyzed. The results showed that three reduction paths existed: (1) PbSO 4 CO/CO 2 →

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PbSO4 Reduction Mechanism and Gas Composition at 600–1000°C

Taskinen

Wang

et al. 2021

JOM

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“…About 80-85% of total secondary lead is recycled from lead paste [4]. Typically, a spent LAB consists of four main components: lead paste (30-40%), lead alloy grids (24-30%), polymeric materials (22-30%), and waste electrolytes (11-30%) [5,6]. Of these, lead paste is the most difficult to deal with [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleaner Recycling of Spent Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Co-Treatment of Pyrite Cinder via a Reductive Sulfur-Fixing Method for Valuable Metal Recovery and Sulfur Conservation

Yang

Taskinen

et al. 2019

Metals

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This study proposes a cleaner lead-acid battery (LAB) paste and pyrite cinder (PyC) recycling method without excessive generation of SO2. PyCs were employed as sulfur-fixing reagents to conserve sulfur as condensed sulfides, which prevented SO2 emissions. In this work, the phase transformation mechanisms in a PbSO4-Na2CO3-Fe3O4-C reaction system were studied in detail. Furthermore, the co-treatment of spent LAB and PyCs was conducted to determine the optimal recycling conditions and to detect the influences of different processing parameters on lead recovery and sulfur fixation. In addition, a bench-scale experiment was carried out to confirm the feasibility and reliability of this novel process. The results reveal that the products were separated into three distinct layers: slag, ferrous matte, and crude lead. 98.3% of lead and 99% of silver in the feed materials were directly enriched in crude lead. Crude lead with purity of more than 98 wt.% (weight percent) was obtained by a one-step extraction. Lead contents in the produced matte and slag were below 2.7 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively. At the same time, 99.2% total sulfur was fixed and recovered.

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Waste Minimization of Lead Paste and Jarosite to Recover a Silver-Rich Alloy by the Pyrometallurgical Route

Sanchez Vite,

Cruz Ramírez,

Flores Favela

et al. 2024

Recycling

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A silver-rich lead alloy was obtained through the recycling of two metallurgical wastes: these are lead paste obtained from spent lead–acid batteries and a jarosite residue obtained from the hydrometallurgical production of zinc. Mixtures of both wastes were pyrometallurgically treated with sodium carbonate in a silicon carbide crucible at 1200 °C. The alloy and slag produced were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectra. High silver recovery was obtained in a Pb-Ag alloy for a mixture ratio of 30% Na2CO3–40% lead paste–30% jarosite, reaching a silver grade of 126 ppm. The slags produced for the highest jarosite content allow the compound formation of Na2(SO4) and Na2Fe(SO4)2, which have high sulfur-fixing, avoiding SO2 release and contributing to the minimization of atmospheric pollution. The novel pyrometallurgical route addresses not only the valorization of precious metals such as silver and lead but also the reduction in accumulated industrial waste.

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A New Pyrometallurgical Recycling Technique for Lead Battery Paste Without SO2 Generation—A Thermodynamic and Experimental Investigation

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

PbSO4 Reduction Mechanism and Gas Composition at 600–1000°C

PbSO4 Reduction Mechanism and Gas Composition at 600–1000°C

Cleaner Recycling of Spent Lead-Acid Battery Paste and Co-Treatment of Pyrite Cinder via a Reductive Sulfur-Fixing Method for Valuable Metal Recovery and Sulfur Conservation

Waste Minimization of Lead Paste and Jarosite to Recover a Silver-Rich Alloy by the Pyrometallurgical Route

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