“…This penalty method is used in, e.g., [45,40,9] and is simple and efficient but only first order implying slow convergence. We will apply the operator splitting method as in, e.g., [39,27,38,23] and introduced by [21] in the context of American option pricing. Its advantage is that no fixed point iteration techniques are needed at each time step in the discretized problem and that it has a a second-order convergence rate.…”