A New Ramming Paste with Improved Potlining Working Conditions

Allard, Bruno; Paulus, Régis; Billat, Gérard

doi:10.1002/9781118061992.ch185

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The RPF is given in Table 3, and the results of ETF calculations for pastes A, C, and D are given in Table 4, compared to the typical ETF already published for some pastes [1]. The values of ETF confirm that paste D is close to a standard cold paste based on coal tar pitch binder, whereas pastes A and C are close to EF pastes.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 49%

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Performances of Green and Eco-Friendly Ramming Pastes in EGA Pots

Allard¹,

Tawfik

Kumar

2016

Metals

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Consistent and high quality ramming paste products, installed according to optimized procedures, are required for improved operation and longer pot life. However, ramming paste used to be a hazardous product and needs special precautions for handling and application. A 100% eco-friendly cold ramming paste has been developed by Carbone Savoie and tested at Emirates Global Aluminium (EGA) sites. A test has also been developed by Carbone Savoie to follow-up, identify and quantify emissions during the baking of paste up to 1000˝C. Physico-chemical characteristics of various pastes are presented, together with their composition in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and volatile organic compounds (VOC), determined by an accredited laboratory and the results of emissions during paste baking. The results of pot operation at the EGA sites show no harmful impact on pot preheat, early operation, or regular operation performance. Pot performance data are given for comparison. The new paste offers a green and clean alternative to harsh chemicals typically associated with the industry.

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Section: Chemical Compositionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Paste D presents the highest level of PAH and BTEX, and also by far the highest level of Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). The level of BaP shows clearly that B and Metals 2016, 6, 112 3 of 14 E are 100% clean pastes; A and C are EF ramming pastes; and paste D is a standard ramming paste based on standard coal tar pitch [1].…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances of Green and Eco-Friendly Ramming Pastes in EGA Pots

Allard¹,

Tawfik

Kumar

2016

Metals

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Some of these are very dangerous to the environment and worker’s health, so the aluminum industry is confronted with increasing pressure as greater emphasis is placed on occupational health and environment. Some scientists have realized this serious problem. − For example, Kvam et al studied coal tar pitch and resin as binder, respectively, to synthesize ramming paste and found that the amount of PAHs decreased obviously using resin as binder. Paulus and Meseguer studied six binders, such as coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, and Novolak resin, for use in cold ramming pastes, and found that paste F (it was unknown until now) was an effective compromise, offering superior health characteristics and good properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, these pastes had to be preheated before ramming to get the correct paste properties, which increases the energy consumption. Allard et al 6 introduced a new paste called NeO 2 and pointed out that the new paste had low hazardous PAHs and a wide temperature window, but some of its properties still needed to be improved such as compressive strength during the baking. In this work, we synthesize a new paste which has both low ramming temperature and content of PAHs, especially genotoxic PAHs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A More Ecofriendly Cold Ramming Paste for an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin As Binder

Lin

Xie

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A cold ramming paste for aluminum electrolysis cells was synthesized with electro-calcined anthracite and artificial graphite as aggregate and phenol−formaldehyde resin as binder. The synthesized pastes were characterized by thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy−energy dispersive spectroscopy, and gas chromatography−mass spectrum. The results show that the synthesized cold ramming paste is an ecofriendly material and it has some superior physical properties, such as low electrical resistivity, high compressive strength, appropriate sodium penetration, and thermal expansion, all of which can meet industry requirements. The mass loss (3.4%) and linear shrinkage reach the maximum during the third stage (from 360 to 600 °C) based on thermal analysis, so a lower heating rate should be used in this stage. Moreover, the resin functional groups disappear more completely at higher carbonization temperature.

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“…So, it is urgent to synthesize a new paste, whose ramming temperature and PAHs, especially genotoxic PAHs, are low. Some scientists have realized this serious problem and have done some research work. − For example, Kvam et al studied coal tar pitch and resin as binders, respectively, to synthesize ramming paste and found that the amount of PAHs decreased obviously using resin as a binder. Paulus and Meseguer studied six binders such as coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, and Novolak resin to synthesize the paste and found paste F (It is unknown what the F is) could offer superior environmental characteristics and good properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecofriendly Cold Ramming Paste for an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Furan Resin As a Binder

Lin

Zhou

Xie

et al. 2012

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Cold ramming paste was synthesized with electro-calcined anthracite (ECA) and artificial graphite as an aggregate and furan resin as a binder. Properties of synthesized paste were investigated by Universal Testing Machine, thermogravimetry (TG) and gas chromatography (GC) mass spectrometry (MS). The results show that the synthesized paste is an ecofriendly material and that it has some superior physical properties such as low electrical resistivity, high compressive strength, appropriate sodium penetration, and thermal expansion, all of which can meet industry requirements. The TG curve of the paste can be divided into three stages and the lower heating rate should be used in the second stage. Moreover, the resin functional groups disappear more completely at higher carbonized temperature based on infrared (IR) spectrum analysis.

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A New Ramming Paste with Improved Potlining Working Conditions

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Performances of Green and Eco-Friendly Ramming Pastes in EGA Pots

Performances of Green and Eco-Friendly Ramming Pastes in EGA Pots

A More Ecofriendly Cold Ramming Paste for an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Phenol–Formaldehyde Resin As Binder

Ecofriendly Cold Ramming Paste for an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Furan Resin As a Binder

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