A new route to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels supporting a polyvinylamine corona

Xu, Jianjun; Pelton, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.03.032

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…of these sub micrometer gel particles changes when the physicochemical conditions of the aqueous environment surrounding them is changed to bring about a phase transition in the network. [2,7,8] These interesting materials are being investigated for various applications such as drug delivery, [9] separation of proteins, [3] optics, [6] removal of heavy metal ions, [10] catalysis [11] and rheological control. [8] Although there have been extensive studies on microgels with acidic groups (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, cationic microgels have received considerable attention primarily because of their potential for biomedical applications. [1,4,7] Poly((2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) is a cationic polyelectrolyte which has been shown to be sensitive to both pH and temperature [12][13][14] and has been used in various biomedical applications such as gene delivery [15] and glucosesensitive controlled release systems. [16] To the best of our knowledge, there hasn't been any report on the preparation and pHsensitive characteristics of PDMAEMA microgels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Characterization of pH‐Sensitive Microgels of Poly((2‐dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)

Emileh

Vasheghani‐Farahani

Imani

2007

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: pH-sensitive microgels of poly((2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) were prepared by dispersion polymerization of 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate in a mixed solvent of water/ethanol. 1 HNMR, FTIR and SEM were used to confirm the chemical structure and morphological properties of the resulting microgels. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was used to measure the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles. SEM micrographs showed that the microgel particles have a diameter of about 100-200 nm in dry state. Mean hydrodynamic diameter of the particles at their collapsed state at pH ¼ 9.5 was found to be about 150 nm. DLS measurements at various pH values showed that the prepared microgels have a volume phase transition around pH ¼ 8 at which the hydrodynamic diameter decreased from about 470 nm to around 150 nm corresponding to a 32 fold change in the mean volume of a microgel particle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of pH‐Sensitive Microgels of Poly((2‐dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)

Emileh

Vasheghani‐Farahani

Imani

2007

Macromolecular Symposia

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“…Our present data showed that the binding of Ca 2+ /CaM to Na V 1.1 IQ was dramatically decreased compared to that of apoCaM, implying that apoCaM promotes activity of Na V 1.1 channels. On the contrary, studies on Ca V 1.2 indicated that the binding of apoCaM to the channel was significantly smaller compared to that of Ca 2+ /CaM [ 21 , 37 , 42 ]. This may suggest that CaM binds to different channels in a channel-specific manner, meaning the detailed mechanism of CaM regulation may need to be considered on a channel-specific basis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Ca2+, Lobe-Specificity, and CaMKII on CaM Binding to NaV1.1

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Calmodulin (CaM) is well known as an activator of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are basic signaling molecules in excitable cells and are crucial molecular targets for nervous system agents. However, the way in which Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII cascade modulates NaV1.1 IQ (isoleucine and glutamine) domain of VGSCs remains obscure. In this study, the binding of CaM, its mutants at calcium binding sites (CaM12, CaM34, and CaM1234), and truncated proteins (N-lobe and C-lobe) to NaV1.1 IQ domain were detected by pull-down assay. Our data showed that the binding of Ca2+/CaM to the NaV1.1 IQ was concentration-dependent. ApoCaM (Ca2+-free form of calmodulin) bound to NaV1.1 IQ domain preferentially more than Ca2+/CaM. Additionally, the C-lobe of CaM was the predominant domain involved in apoCaM binding to NaV1.1 IQ domain. By contrast, the N-lobe of CaM was predominant in the binding of Ca2+/CaM to NaV1.1 IQ domain. Moreover, CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation increased the binding of Ca2+/CaM to NaV1.1 IQ domain due to one or several phosphorylation sites in T1909, S1918, and T1934 of NaV1.1 IQ domain. This study provides novel mechanisms for the modulation of NaV1.1 by the Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII axis. For the first time, we uncover the effect of Ca2+, lobe-specificity and CaMKII on CaM binding to NaV1.1.

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“…Pelton's group reported synthesis of amine-functionalized PNIPAAm microgels [114]. Microgels were prepared by the precipitation copolymerization of NIPAAm and N-vinylformamide (NVF).…”

Section: Incorporation Of Small Molecules Synthetic Polymers and Bimentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgels by Precipitation Polymerization: Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization

Pich

Richtering

2010

Advances in Polymer Science

200

206

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This chapter reviews recent work on the synthesis of aqueous microgel particles by precipitation polymerization. Precipitation polymerization allows flexible control over important physicochemical properties of aqueous microgels, such as size distribution, surface charge, chemical composition, and microstructure. The microgel systems discussed in this review are mainly based on poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) due to their ability to react to external stimuli such as the pH or temperature of the surrounding medium. We discuss synthetic routes to obtain microgels based on homo-or copolymers as well as colloids with complex core-shell morphology. The functionalization of microgels is of crucial importance from the application point of view. Different routes for incorporation of functional groups, synthetic polymers, proteins, or nanoparticles in microgel structures are discussed.

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A new route to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels supporting a polyvinylamine corona

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Preparation and Characterization of pH‐Sensitive Microgels of Poly((2‐dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)

Preparation and Characterization of pH‐Sensitive Microgels of Poly((2‐dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)

The Effect of Ca2+, Lobe-Specificity, and CaMKII on CaM Binding to NaV1.1

Microgels by Precipitation Polymerization: Synthesis, Characterization, and Functionalization

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