A new sea ice albedo scheme including melt ponds for ECHAM5 general circulation model

Pedersen, C. A.; Roeckner, Erich; Lüthje, Mikael; Winther, Jan‐Gunnar

doi:10.1029/2008jd010440

Cited by 82 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…For example, few CMIP5 models (e.g. [22,40,41]) include prognostic equations for melt pond volume within their simulations. Note that these parametrizations are simpler than newer pond model schemes that have been developed but not yet included and/or released from fully coupled model simulations (e.g.…”

Section: Results From Other Climate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting projected Arctic surface shortwave heating and albedo change in coupled climate models

Holland

Landrum

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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One contribution of 9 to a discussion meeting issue 'Arctic sea ice reduction: the evidence, models and impacts (part 1)' . We use a large ensemble of simulations from the Community Earth System Model to quantify simulated changes in the twentieth and twenty-first century Arctic surface shortwave heating associated with changing incoming solar radiation and changing ice conditions. For increases in shortwave absorption associated with albedo reductions, the relative influence of changing sea ice surface properties and changing sea ice areal coverage is assessed. Changes in the surface sea ice properties are associated with an earlier melt season onset, a longer snow-free season and enhanced surface ponding. Because many of these changes occur during peak solar insolation, they have a considerable influence on Arctic surface shortwave heating that is comparable to the influence of ice area loss in the early twenty-first century. As ice area loss continues through the twenty-first century, it overwhelms the influence of changes in the sea ice surface state, and is responsible for a majority of the net shortwave increases by the mid-twenty-first century. A comparison with the Arctic surface albedo and shortwave heating in CMIP5 models indicates a large spread in projected twenty-first century change. This is in part related to different ice loss rates among the models and different representations of the late twentieth century ice albedo and associated sea ice surface state.

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Section: Results From Other Climate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting projected Arctic surface shortwave heating and albedo change in coupled climate models

Holland

Landrum

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…7. The detailed and complete data sets of snow/ice and atmospheric quantities that were collected during SHEBA have still been used during and after IPY to thoroughly evaluate and compare many snow and ice albedo schemes (Liu et al, 2007;Wyser et al, 2008;Pedersen et al, 2009). Several Arctic field campaigns carried out after SHEBA (including the Tara campaign of DAMOCLES) were crucial to monitor and deepen the understanding of the processes controlling the snow and ice albedo in a rapidly changing environment.…”

Section: Snow and Ice Albedo: Observations And Parameterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general approach of the general circulation model (GCM) melt pond parameterizations by Holland et al (2012), Hunke and Lipscomb (2010), and Pedersen et al (2009) is based on this concept. ECHAM5 ) and the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) CICE 4.0 Hunke and Lipscomb, 2010) use functional relationships to relate pond depth to pond area fraction.…”

Section: Snow and Ice Albedo: Observations And Parameterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial efforts have already been made to formulate physically based models of melt pond formation and evolution to predict melt pond coverage (Scott and Feltham, 2010;Skyllingstad et al, 2009; and to incorporate explicit melt pond parameterizations/models into albedo calculations of global and regional sea ice and climate models Flocco et al, 2010;Hunke and Lipscomb, 2010;Pedersen et al, 2009;Køltzow, 2007). The explicit consideration of melt pond effects has a huge impact on the simulated Arctic sea ice cover as shown, for example, by Flocco et al (2012) who incorporated their pond model into the Los Alamos Community Ice CodE (CICE) sea ice model.…”

Section: Snow and Ice Albedo: Observations And Parameterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ECHAM5 ) and the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) CICE 4.0 Hunke and Lipscomb, 2010) use functional relationships to relate pond depth to pond area fraction. CICE 4.0 uses a linear function, and the ECHAM5 version applied by Pedersen et al (2009) used a more complex function. The linear function is based on SHEBA data.…”

Section: Snow and Ice Albedo: Observations And Parameterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The Arctic climate system includes numerous highly interactive small-scale physical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean. During and since the International Polar Year 2007-2009, significant advances have been made in understanding these processes. Here, these recent advances are reviewed, synthesized, and discussed. In atmospheric physics, the primary advances have been in cloud physics, radiative transfer, mesoscale cyclones, coastal, and fjordic processes as well as in boundary layer processes and surface fluxes. In sea ice and its snow cover, advances have been made in understanding of the surface albedo and its relationships with snow properties, the internal structure of sea ice, the heat and salt transfer in ice, the formation of superimposed ice and snow ice, and the small-scale dynamics of sea ice. For the ocean, significant advances have been related to exchange processes at the ice-ocean interface, diapycnal mixing, double-diffusive convection, tidal currents and diurnal resonance. Despite this recent progress, some of these small-scale physical processes are still not sufficiently understood: these include wave-turbulence interactions in the atmosphere and ocean, the exchange of heat and salt at the ice-ocean interface, and the mechanical weakening of sea ice. Many other processes are reasonably well understood as stand-alone processes but the challenge is to understand their interactions with and impacts and feedbacks on other processes. Uncertainty in the parameterization of small-scale processes continues to be among the greatest challenges facing climate modelling, particularly in high latitudes. Further improvements in parameterization require new year-round field campaigns on the Arctic sea ice, closely combined with satellite remote sensing studies and numerical model experiments.

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Surface and melt pond evolution on landfast first-year sea ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Landy

Ehn

Shields

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

110

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The evolution of landfast sea ice melt pond coverage, surface topography, and mass balance was studied in the Canadian Arctic during May-June 2011 and 2012, using a terrestrial laser scanner, snow and sea ice sampling, and surface meteorological characterization. Initial melt pond formation was not limited to low-lying areas, rather ponds formed at almost all premelt elevations. The subsequent evolution of melt pond coverage varied considerably between the 2 years owing to four principle, temporally variable factors. First, the range in premelt topographic relief was 0.5 m greater in 2011 (rougher surface) than in 2012 (smoother surface), such that a seasonal maximum pond coverage of 60% and maximum hydraulic head of 204 mm were reached in 2011, versus 78% and 138 mm in 2012. A change in the meltwater balance (production minus drainage) caused the ponds to spread or recede over an area that was almost 90% larger in 2012 than in 2011. Second, modification of the premelt topography was observed during mid-June, due to preferential melting under certain drainage channels. Some of the lowest-lying premelt areas were subsequently elevated above these deepening channels and unexpectedly became drained later in the season. Third, ice interior temperatures remained 1-2 C colder later into June in 2012 than in 2011, even though the ice was 0.35 m thinner at melt onset, thereby delaying permeability increases in the ice that would allow vertical meltwater drainage to the ocean. Finally, surface melt was estimated to account for approximately 62% of the net radiative flux to the sea ice cover during the melt season.

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A new sea ice albedo scheme including melt ponds for ECHAM5 general circulation model

Cited by 82 publications

References 52 publications

Factors affecting projected Arctic surface shortwave heating and albedo change in coupled climate models

Factors affecting projected Arctic surface shortwave heating and albedo change in coupled climate models

Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review

Surface and melt pond evolution on landfast first-year sea ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

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