2022
DOI: 10.1029/2022jd037159
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A New Sea Surface Roughness Parameterization and Its Application in Tropical Cyclone Modeling

Abstract: The intensity simulation of tropical cyclones (TCs) has been a long‐standing challenge for numerical models, and an accurate sea surface roughness (z0 ${z}_{0}$) parameterization scheme is the key to enhance the intensity prediction. In our study, a new z0 ${z}_{0}$ parameterization scheme (SD21) is proposed and applied in the Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere‐Wave‐Sediment Transport model to simulate two super typhoons. The SD21 takes into account both the wave state and sea foam, and it is suitable for low to extreme… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Our model results suggested that the air‐sea momentum flux had a limited impact on the TC track, which was consistent with the results reported in the literature; that is, TC motion was mainly controlled by large‐scale steering flows. As for the regional model, TC motion was constrained by open boundary conditions (Lan et al., 2022; Zhao et al., 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our model results suggested that the air‐sea momentum flux had a limited impact on the TC track, which was consistent with the results reported in the literature; that is, TC motion was mainly controlled by large‐scale steering flows. As for the regional model, TC motion was constrained by open boundary conditions (Lan et al., 2022; Zhao et al., 2022).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, Lan et al. (2022) achieved notable tropical cyclone model skill improvement through the use of a roughness parameterization that depends both on sea state and foam, employing the Taylor and Yelland (2001) slope scaling at low wave ages (<15.2) and the Drennan et al. (2003) wave age scaling at higher wave ages.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to limiting wave steepness, intense wave breaking promotes the generation of spray, which becomes increasingly present within a multi-phase surface foam layer and is hypothesized to modulate the drag coefficient for winds above 30 m s −1 (Holthuijsen et al, 2012;Hwang, 2018;Troitskaya et al, 2016, 2019, andothers). Recently, Lan et al (2022) achieved notable tropical cyclone model skill improvement through the use of a roughness parameterization that depends both on sea state and foam, employing the Taylor and Yelland ( 2001) slope scaling at low wave ages (<15.2) and the Drennan et al (2003) wave age scaling at higher wave ages.…”
Section: Implications For Surface Drag Coefficientmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Despite surface fluxes having been demonstrated to be a crucial player in the development of PLs (Kolstad & Bracegirdle, 2017; Stoll et al ., 2021; Yanase & Niino, 2007), few studies have focused on the potential impact of ocean surface gravity waves (hereafter referred to as surface waves) on the development of PLs. In addition to altering the air–sea momentum fluxes by modulating the surface roughness (Cavaleri et al ., 2012; Chen et al ., 2020; Doyle, 1995; Lan et al ., 2022; Nellipudi et al ., 2021; Prakash et al ., 2019; Takagaki et al ., 2016; Voermans et al ., 2019), surface waves also affect heat fluxes at the air–sea interface by producing sea spray (Andreas et al ., 2015; Veron, 2015). The influence of wave‐dependent momentum fluxes on the development of PLs has been studied in a sensitivity simulation of a PL conducted by Wu (2021).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%