A new sighting of the Mediterranean Monk Seal,<i>Monachus monachus</i>(Hermann, 1779), in the Marmara Sea (Turkey)

Inanmaz, Özgür Emek; Değirmenci, Özgür; Gücü, Ali Cemal

doi:10.1080/09397140.2014.944438

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…MM02, distributed in the central and northern Aegean Sea (Karamanlidis et al 2016b), was also found in the first-eversequenced representative of the extinct population of the Black Sea (Kiraç 2011). Despite uneven sampling in the Black Sea, our results suggest that dispersal probably occurred across the Turkish Straits System (TSS, consisting of the Marmara Sea, Istanbul and Çanakkale Straits), where individuals were observed in 2014 (southern Sea of Marmara; Inanmaz et al 2014, Dede et al 2016.…”

Section: A New Picture Of Mitochondrial Variability Across the Histormentioning

confidence: 61%

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Insights from 180 years of mitochondrial variability in the endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus)

Gaubert

Justy

Mο

et al. 2019

Marine Mammal Science

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Mediterranean monk seals (MMS) are among the most endangered marine mammals on Earth. We screened mitochondrial variability (control region [CR1] and mitogenomes) of the species through a 180‐yr timeframe and extended by 20% (n = 205) the number of samples from a previous investigation, including historical specimens from 1833 to 1975. Although we detected two new, rare CR1 haplotypes, genetic diversity remained extremely low. Fully resolved haplotype median network and rarefaction analysis both suggested low probability for further unscreened haplotypes. There was no clear phylogeographic structure across the 12 marine subdivisions covered by the species’ range. Haplotypes previously considered diagnostic of the extant North Atlantic and eastern Mediterranean populations had their distributions extended into the western Mediterranean and the North Atlantic, respectively, by both historical and recent samples. Our study suggests that MMS have been genetically depauperate since at least the mid‐19th century, and that the massive 1997 die‐off in Western Sahara (North Atlantic) could have caused local haplotype extinctions. Our results support the hypothesis of past metapopulation dynamics across the species range, where the current segregation into geographically distant and genetically depauperate breeding populations (i.e., North Atlantic and eastern Mediterranean Sea) derives from the combined effects of historical extinctions, genetic drift on small breeding groups, and persistently low levels of genetic diversity.

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Section: A New Picture Of Mitochondrial Variability Across the Histormentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Despite uneven sampling in the Black Sea, our results suggest that dispersal probably occurred across the Turkish Straits System (TSS, consisting of the Marmara Sea, Istanbul and Çanakkale Straits), where individuals were observed in 2014 (southern Sea of Marmara; Inanmaz et al . , Dede et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Insights from 180 years of mitochondrial variability in the endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus)

Gaubert

Justy

Mο

et al. 2019

Marine Mammal Science

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“…In the Turkish Black Sea, monk seals are believed to be extinct since 1997 (Kiraç & Savas , Kiraç ); some individuals still survive in the Sea of Marmara (Inanmaz et al. ). The eastern Mediterranean monk seal subpopulation is currently the largest, and is estimated to number fewer than 350 mature individuals (Güçlüsoy et al.…”

Section: Distribution and Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Mediterranean, the species is found mainly in the sea's eastern reaches, around islands in the Ionian and Aegean Seas in Greece , along the mainland coasts of Greece, Cyprus, and western and southern Turkey (Mursaloglu 1964, Gücü et al 2004, 2009b, Güçlüsoy et al 2004, Anonymous 2007b, Kiraç et al 2013). In the Turkish Black Sea, monk seals are believed to be extinct since 1997 (Kiraç & Savas 1996, Kiraç 2011; some individuals still survive in the Sea of Marmara (Inanmaz et al 2014). The eastern Mediterranean monk seal subpopulation is currently the largest, and is estimated to number fewer than 350 mature individuals (Güçlüsoy et al 2004, Anonymous 2007b, 2008b, 2009a.…”

Section: Distribution and Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus: status, biology, threats, and conservation priorities

Karamanlidis

Dendrinos

Larrinoa³

et al. 2015

Mammal Review

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The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus is the most endangered seal species. In this review we summarize the status, ecology, and behaviour of the Mediterranean monk seal, and identify the main threats that currently affect the species and the conservation priorities for securing its survival. Once abundant throughout the Black Sea and Mediterranean, as well as off the Atlantic coasts of northwestern Africa and Macaronesia, the Mediterranean monk seal has recently suffered dramatic declines, both in abundance and geographical range. It is now estimated that fewer than 700 individuals survive in three or four isolated subpopulations in the eastern and western Mediterranean, the archipelago of Madeira and the Cabo Blanco area in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Mediterranean monk seals are coastal marine mammals. When resting and pupping on land, individuals generally seek refuge in inaccessible marine caves; this behaviour is, in part, believed to be an adaptation to increased disturbance by humans. Larger aggregations or colonies of the species can now be found only at Cabo Blanco in the Atlantic Ocean and on the island of Gyaros in the eastern Mediterranean. The main threats to the survival of the Mediterranean monk seal are habitat deterioration; deliberate killing, mainly by fishermen; and accidental entanglement and drowning in fishing gear. Limited availability of food sources and stochastic and unusual events have occasionally also contributed to Mediterranean monk seal mortality. Based on a common consensus among scientists and conservationists, the main conservation priorities for the monk seal are: habitat protection; mitigating negative interactions between seals and fisheries; scientific research and monitoring of local seal populations; education and public awareness campaigns; and rescue and rehabilitation of wounded, sick, and orphaned seals.

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“…, Inanmaz et al . ), on the Adriatic coast and the islands of Croatia (Gomerčić et al . ), in Sicily (Mo ), and along the Mediterranean coast of Morocco and Algeria (Johnson et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Prehistoric and historic distributions of the critically endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) in the eastern Atlantic

González

2015

Marine Mammal Science

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The present Atlantic range of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus), a critically endangered species, comprises two populations in the Desertas Islands and Cape Blanco region. The species is currently the subject of an action plan that encourages the recolonization of its former range. I investigated their causes of its disappearance using species records from paleo-archeological sites and historical sightings/toponyms. I hypothesize that the species' prehistoric range extended from the continental coasts of North Africa to the Iberian Peninsula, an area larger than its current known range. It is further hypothesized that the historic range included at least 13 colonies, seven more than the present number; and that the original optimal breeding habitat was open beaches, while sea caves were a suboptimal, marginal habitat. It is suggested that hunting and the disappearance of two islands due to a historical tsunami event explain the disappearance of the other populations, leaving only those at the Desertas Islands and Cape Blanco that were sheltered in sea caves. Furthermore, the use of sea caves, in conjunction with effective legal protection in the 20th century, explains the present-day survival of these Atlantic colonies of M. monachus.

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A new sighting of the Mediterranean Monk Seal,Monachus monachus(Hermann, 1779), in the Marmara Sea (Turkey)

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Insights from 180 years of mitochondrial variability in the endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus)

Insights from 180 years of mitochondrial variability in the endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus)

The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus: status, biology, threats, and conservation priorities

Prehistoric and historic distributions of the critically endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) in the eastern Atlantic

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