A new species of Chaetothyrina on branches of mango, and introducing Phaeothecoidiellaceae fam. nov.

Abstract

The new family Phaeothecoidiellaceae, introduced in this paper, comprises several species which cause sooty blotch and flyspeck diseases of several economic fruits. This results in quality issues with fruits and plants, due to the black thallus and small black dots coating the surface. Most species of Phaeothecoidiellaceae are biotrophs and are unculturable without the host material, and direct-sequencing is difficult because of the very small and flattened thyriothecia. Therefore, this fungal group is relative poorly known due to limited sampling and few in-depth studies. "Microthyriales"-like taxa appearing as small black dots on the surface of mango trees were collected in northern Thailand. Taxa were studied based on morphological characters and molecular analyses. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data, indicated that the collection from branches of mango is a previously undescribed species. The new species, Chaetothyrina guttulata, is introduced in this paper with descriptions and illustrations.

Mycosphaerellaceae: Chaos or clarity?

“…1 , clade 96; Fig. 4 , clade 32) within the recently introduced Phaeothecoidiellaceae family ( Hongsanan et al ., 2017 ).…”

Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales

“…The Capnodiales now includes the epiphytic sooty moulds associated with honeydew produced by insects ( Antennulariellaceae, Capnodiaceae, Euantennariaceae, Metacapnodiaceae ), hyperparasites, rock-inhabiting fungi, ectophytes, saprobes, endophytes and pathogens associated with plants and humans ( Cladosporiaceae, Cystocoleaceae, Dissoconiaceae, Extremaceae, Mycosphaerellaceae, Neodevriesiaceae, Schizothyriaceae, Phaeothecaceae (including Phaeotheca fissurella and Phaeotheca shathenatiana ) , Phaeothecoidiellaceae, Teratosphaeriaceae (including Piedraiaceae ), Comminutispora, Phaeotheca ( P. salicorniae and P. triangularis ) and lichenised species ( Cystocoleaceae and Racodium ) ( Hughes, 1976 , Aptroot, 2006 , Crous et al., 2007a , Crous et al., 2009 , Crous et al., 2016 , Crous et al., 2018 , Quaedvlieg et al., 2014 , Hongsanan et al., 2017 , Lücking et al., 2017 , Videira et al., 2017 ).…”

“…During the course of the past decade, considerable attention has been paid to the phylogeny and systematics of genera and families in the Capnodiales. Presently the order accommodates fungi having highly diverse ecological niches, lifestyles and modes of nutrition ( Crous et al., 2007a , Crous et al., 2009 , Ruibal et al., 2009 , Schoch et al., 2009 , Hyde et al., 2013 , Chomnunti et al., 2014 , Quaedvlieg et al., 2014 , Ismail et al., 2016 , Hongsanan et al., 2017 , Videira et al., 2017 , Crous et al., 2018 ). Although the Capnodiales s. str.…”

The insights into the evolutionary history of Translucidithyrium: based on a newly-discovered species

“…The sooty blotch and flyspeck fungi are widespread species and commonly occur on the surface of leaves, stems and fruits in tropical and subtropical zones (Yang et al 2010;Gleason et al 2011;Hongsanan et al 2017;Zeng et al 2018). Although these fungi do not directly harm host plants, they may affect the economic value of fruit sales ability and reduce photosynthesis in plants (Gleason et al 2011).…”

“…Although these fungi do not directly harm host plants, they may affect the economic value of fruit sales ability and reduce photosynthesis in plants (Gleason et al 2011). Sooty blotch fungi can form dark mycelial mats, whereas flyspeck fungi lack mycelial mats, form shiny and small, black spots (Batzer et al 2005;Yang et al 2010;Gleason et al 2011;Zhang et al 2015;Singtripop et al 2016;Hongsanan et al 2017). However, these fungi are poorly known, because of the difficulty in obtaining the strain which grows slowly (Yang et al 2010;Hongsanan et al 2017;Zeng et al 2018).…”