A new species of Cloudina from the terminal Ediacaran of Spain

Cortijo, Iván; Mus, Mónica Martí; Jensen, Sören; Palacios, Teodoro

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2009.10.010

Cited by 91 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…C. hartmannae (HUA et al, 2003(HUA et al, , 2005 fig. 1A-B) and C. carinata (CORTIJO et al, 2010: figs. 4-6) tubes do not have flattened attachment surfaces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two distinct species are recognized, C. hartmannae GERMS, 1972, andC. carinata CORTIJO et al, 2010, while rest of species could be junior synonyms of C. hartmannae (CORTIJO et al, 2010). It is significant for being among the precursors of biologically controlled mineralization and being an important Ediacaran index fossil (HUA et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of dichotomous branching in C. hartmannae, which implies asexual reproduction led GRANT (1990) to classify Cloudina as a coral-like cnidarian. Recently, dichotomous branching has also been found in C. carinata CORTIJO et al, 2010, from the Ediacaran of Spain (CORTIJO et al, 2010). In contrary, as a result of their thorough review on biology of Cloudina, HUA et al (2005) found that Cloudina's morphology, skeletogenesis, and asexual reproduction are broadly similar to modern serpulid annelids, indicating possible phylogenetic relationships or morphological convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

Vinn¹,

Zatoń²

2012

Carnets De Géologie (Notebooks on Geology)

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Cloudina, an important Ediacaran index fossil, is considered as one of the earliest biomineralizing organisms. Its biological affinities have not been fully resolved and phylogenetic links with both annelids and cnidarians have traditionally been suggested. Differences in tube morphology, ultrastructure and biomineralization suggest that Cloudina is not closely related to any recent skeletal annelid (e.g., serpulids, sabellids and cirratulids) and their skeletons are not homologous. The way of asexual reproduction in Cloudina resembles more that of cnidarians. The presence of a closed tube origin (base) in Cloudina is also compatible with the hypothesis of an animal of cnidarian grade.Key Words: Cloudina; Annelida; Serpulidae; Cnidaria; Ediacaran; biomineralization. Résumé : Incohérences dans les affinités supposées de l'organisme primitif biominéraliséCloudina (Ediacaran) avec les annélides : preuves relevant de la structure et du développe-ment ontogénétique.-Cloudina, un important fossile édiacarien, est considéré comme l'un des premiers organismes biomineralisés. Ses affinités biologiques n'ont pas encore été entièrement élucidées : des relations phylogénétiques avec les annélides et les cnidaires sont habituellement envisagées. Des différences dans la morphologie, l'ultrastructure et la biominéralisation du tube suggèrent que Cloudina ne puisse être étroitement apparentée à aucun squelette d'annélides actuelles, qu'il s'agisse de serpulidés, de sabellidés ou de cirratulidés ; leurs squelettes ne sont pas homologues. Le mode de reproduction asexuée de Cloudina ressemble davantage à celui des cnidaires. De plus, la configuration fermée de la partie initiale (proximale) du tube chez Cloudina est compatible avec l'hypothèse d'un animal de la catégorie des cnidaires.

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“…C. hartmannae (HUA et al, 2003(HUA et al, , 2005 fig. 1A-B) and C. carinata (CORTIJO et al, 2010: figs. 4-6) tubes do not have flattened attachment surfaces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

Vinn¹,

Zatoń²

2012

Carnets De Géologie (Notebooks on Geology)

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“…Throughout West Gondwana, the development of carbonate production across the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition is exclusively recorded in margins far from subduction trenches, such as those recorded in the Central-Iberian Zone (Cloudina-bearing mounds; Cortijo et al 2010), the northern Montagne Noire (Terreneuvian shelly phosphate-rich limestones of the Heraultia Member; Devaere et al 2013;Álvaro et al 2014b) and the lateral equivalent, peritidal-dominated, Puig Sec Member of the Eastern Pyrenees (this work).…”

Section: Cadomian Arc-related Events In West Gondwanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadomian volcanosedimentary complexes across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition of the Eastern Pyrenees, southwestern Europe

Padel

Álvaro

Casas

et al. 2017

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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International audienceThe volcanism hosted by the Ediacaran–Terreneuvian Canaveilles Group of the Eastern Pyrenees displays two distinct geochemical affinities: (1) metabasites of the Nyer and Olette formations reflect the emplacement of a tholeiitic magmatism linked to extensional conditions, whereas (2) subsequent felsic and calc-alkaline magmatic rocks marking the top of the Olette Formation and forming the overlying Fabert and Finestrelles members represent Cadomian magmatic events. Based on U–Pb zircon dating constraints, palaeotopographic relationships linked to onlap geometries and distance from vent sources, three volcanosedimentary edifices can be distinguished, the so-called Tregurà (ca. 565–552 Ma), Cap de Creus (ca. 558 Ma) and Coll d’Ares (ca. 542–532 Ma) edifices. The top of their palaeoreliefs recorded locally the nucleation of centres of microbial carbonate productivity (Puig Sec Member) linked to synsedimentary tilting and karstification. Throughout West Gondwana, the presence of carbonate production across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition is exclusively located in back-arc settings (Central-Iberian Zone) and areas far from the Cadomian subduction trench and devoid of significant terrigenous input, such as those reported in the Eastern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Montagne Noire

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“…There are many fossil candidates for the existence of cnidarians at this time, including Palaeophragmodictya spinosa [Serezhnikova, 2007], axially patterned fronds [Erwin, 2008] and calcified Cloudina and Namacalathus ( fig. 1 ) [Cortijo et al, 2010;Gaucher and Germs, 2010;Wood, 2011]. Kimberella is perhaps the strongest body fossil evidence that bilaterians existed before 550 MYa, though the existence of bilaterally symmetric organisms does not necessarily imply that those organisms were bilaterians [Ball et al, 2004;Matus et al, 2006].…”

Section: Basal Animal Phylogeny and Divergence Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predation and the Origin of Neurones

Monk

Paulin²

2014

Brain Behav Evol

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The core design of spiking neurones is remarkably similar throughout the animal kingdom. Their basic function as fast-signalling thresholding cells might have been established very early in their evolutionary history. Identifying the selection pressures that drove animals to evolve spiking neurones could help us interpret their design and function today. We review fossil, ecological and molecular evidence to investigate when and why animals evolved spiking neurones. Fossils suggest that animals evolved nervous systems soon after the advent of animal-on-animal predation, 550 million years ago (MYa). Between 550 and 525 MYa, we see the first fossil appearances of many animal innovations, including eyes. Animal behavioural complexity increased during this period as well, as evidenced by their traces, suggesting that nervous systems were an innovation of that time. Fossils further suggest that, before 550 MYa, animals were either filter feeders or microbial mat grazers. Extant sponges and Trichoplax perform these tasks using energetically cheaper alternatives than spiking neurones. Genetic evidence testifies that nervous systems evolved before the protostome-deuterostome split. It is less clear whether nervous systems evolved before the cnidarian-bilaterian split, so cnidarians and bilaterians might have evolved their nervous systems independently. The fossil record indicates that the advent of predation could fit into the window of time between those two splits, though molecular clock studies dispute this claim. Collectively, these lines of evidence indicate that animals evolved spiking neurones soon after they started eating each other. The first sensory neurones could have been threshold detectors that spiked in response to other animals in their proximity, alerting them to perform precisely timed actions, such as striking or fleeing.

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A new species of Cloudina from the terminal Ediacaran of Spain

Cited by 91 publications

References 23 publications

Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

Cadomian volcanosedimentary complexes across the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition of the Eastern Pyrenees, southwestern Europe

Predation and the Origin of Neurones

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