A New Species of Horned Lizard (Genus<i>Phrynosoma</i>) from Guerrero, México, with an Updated Multilocus Phylogeny

de, Adrián Nieto‐Montes; Arenas-Moreno, Diego M.; Beltrán-Sánchez, Elizabeth; Leaché, Adam D.

doi:10.1655/herpetologica-d-13-00077

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our sample consists of museum‐accessioned spirit‐preserved specimens (Table 1; Supporting Material, Section S2, Figure S1) representing all species of Phrynosoma recognized by Leaché and Linkem (2015) and Leaché et al (2021), except for the recently described Phrynosoma sherbrookei (Nieto‐Montes de Oca et al, 2014), for which no specimens were available for study, and Leaché et al's (2021) P. ornatissimum (see Supporting Material, Section S3, for a discussion of the systematics of the taxa comprising the P. douglasii complex). Possible cryptic taxonomic diversity among the lineages currently grouped under P. orbiculare (Barajas et al, 2013; Bryson et al, 2012; Moreno‐Barajas et al, 2013) is not accommodated by us, although asperities conforming to our definition of “horns” do not differ among the taxa grouped under this name (Barajas et al, 2013; Horowitz, 1955; Montanucci, 1979; Moreno‐Barajas et al, 2013; Powell et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The veritable horns of a dilemma: Assessing homology of the parietal and squamosal asperities of Phrynosoma (Squamata: Iguania: Phrynosomatidae)

Powell

Russell

2023

Acta Zoologica

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Members of the genus Phrynosoma all exhibit asperities upon the parietal and squamosal. We examined μ‐CT scans of the dermatocrania of ontogenetic series of all but two of the species of Phrynosoma, and defined parietal and squamosal “horns”, distinguishing them from tubercles. We counted parietal and squamosal horns and used phylogenetic analysis to reconstruct the plesiomorphic horn numbers for these bones. Based upon this, we propose and test hypotheses of evolutionary homology for these asperities and conclude the following: (1) a plesiomorphic horn array is retained among the species of Phrynosoma; the horns are paramorphs, each identifiable as an evolutionary homologue; (2) an autapomorphic additional pair of parietal horns in P. solare has been recruited from a pair of tubercles associated with the plesiomorphic parietal horns; (3) an additional anterior squamosal horn in P. solare and the Brevicauda species is derived from a tubercle recruited homoplasiously in these taxa; (4) the anteriormost squamosal horn of the plesiomorphic series in the species of the coronatum species group is highly reduced and is subsumed within the posteriormost jugal asperity and (5) an apparent additional squamosal horn exhibited by P. ditmarsi and P. modestum is instead an enlarged submarginal tubercle, a homoplasy for these species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The veritable horns of a dilemma: Assessing homology of the parietal and squamosal asperities of Phrynosoma (Squamata: Iguania: Phrynosomatidae)

Powell

Russell

2023

Acta Zoologica

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“…in Powell et al 2017) and the closely related P. sherbrookei has longer parietal horns (Nieto-Montes deOca et al 2014). Fossils are most similar to species in the P. douglasii species complex.…”

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confidence: 94%

Identification of Late Pleistocene and Holocene fossil lizards from Hall’s Cave and a primer on morphological variation in North American lizard skulls

Ledesma

Scarpetta

Jacisin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Fossil identification practices have a profound effect on our interpretation of the past because these identifications form the basis for downstream analyses. Therefore, well-supported fossil identifications are paramount for examining the impact of past environmental changes on populations and communities. Here we apply an apomorphic identification framework in a case study identifying fossil lizard remains from Hall's Cave, a late Quaternary fossil site located in Central Texas, USA. We present images and descriptions of a broad comparative sample of North American lizard cranial elements and compile new and previously reported apomorphic characters for identifying fossil lizards. Our fossil identifications from Hall's Cave resulted in a minimum of 11 lizard taxa, including five lizard taxa previously unknown from the site. Most of the identified fossil lizard taxa inhabit the area around Hall's Cave today, but we reinforce the presence of an extirpated species complex of horned lizard. A main goal of this work is to establish a procedure for making well-supported fossil lizard identifications across North America. The data from this study will assist researchers endeavoring to identify fossil lizards, increasing the potential for novel discoveries related to North American lizards and facilitating more holistic views of ancient faunal assemblages.

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Phylogenetic and morphological influence on habitat choice in moisture‐harvesting horned lizards (Phrynosoma spp.)

Joel

Linde

Comanns

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

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In previous studies, the superhydrophilic skin of moisture-harvesting lizards has been linked to the morphological traits of the lizards' integument, that is, the occurrence of honeycomb-shaped microstructures. Interestingly, these structures can also cover the skin of lizards inhabiting wet habitats. We therefore tested the influence of the microstructures' main features on the habitat choice and wettability in the genus Phrynosoma. The genus Phrynosoma comprises moisture-harvesting species as well as nonspecialists. Lizards of this genus inhabit large areas of North America with diverse climatic conditions. Remarkably, the differences in the manifestation of microstructures are just as versatile as their surroundings. The phylogeny of the lizards as well as the depth of their ventral microstructures, though independent of each other, correlated with the precipitation in their respective habitat. All other morphological traits, as well as the skin's wettability itself, could not predict the habitat of Phrynosoma species. Hence, it is unlikely that the microstructure influences the wettability, at least directly. Hence, we presume an indirect influence for the following reasons: (a) As the ventral side cannot get wet by rain, but the belly could easily interact with a wet surface, the microstructure might facilitate water absorption from wet soil following precipitation. (b) We found the number of dorsal microstructures to be linked to the occurrence of silt in the habitat. In our study, we observed scales being heavily contaminated, most likely with a mixture of dead skin (after shedding) and silt.As many lizards burrow themselves or even shovel sand onto their backs, deploying the substrate might be a mechanism to increase the skin's wettability.

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A New Species of Horned Lizard (GenusPhrynosoma) from Guerrero, México, with an Updated Multilocus Phylogeny

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

The veritable horns of a dilemma: Assessing homology of the parietal and squamosal asperities of Phrynosoma (Squamata: Iguania: Phrynosomatidae)

The veritable horns of a dilemma: Assessing homology of the parietal and squamosal asperities of Phrynosoma (Squamata: Iguania: Phrynosomatidae)

Identification of Late Pleistocene and Holocene fossil lizards from Hall’s Cave and a primer on morphological variation in North American lizard skulls

Phylogenetic and morphological influence on habitat choice in moisture‐harvesting horned lizards (Phrynosoma spp.)

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