A new species of mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from critically endangered Banksia montana in Western Australia

Gullan, Penny J.; Moir, Melinda L.; Leng, Mei

doi:10.18195/issn.0312-3162.28(1).2013.013-020

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Of particular interest are several species of plant dwelling insects which are specific to the Montane Heath and Thicket shrubs B. brownii and B. montana (Gullan et al . ; Taylor & Moir ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks to a mountain summit ecosystem with endemic biota in southwestern Australia

Barrett

Yates

2014

Austral Ecology

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Throughout the world, mountains provide unique environments with attendant endemic species. In the otherwise subdued landscapes of the floristically diverse Southwest Western Australian Floristic Region, the Stirling Range provides the region's only distinctly montane environments. On the highest peaks of the Range the characteristic heathland (Kwongan) of the region becomes a dense shrub thicket with many endemic species and is known as the Eastern Stirling Range Montane Heath and Thicket. We assessed the conservation status of the Montane Heath and Thicket using the IUCN Red list criteria for ecosystems. We found the ecosystem to be Critically Endangered based on its naturally limited geographic extent and area of occupancy in combination with the impacts of the plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi. Historical sources and long-term monitoring were critical to our assessment of this ecosystem highlighting their importance in detecting and understanding likely causes of change. The ecosystem is predicted to decline further in the absence of intensive management due to current threatening processes as well as the potential future impacts of climate change. The Montane Heath and Thicket, while substantially modified still retains areas with highly significant conservation values and these pose many challenges for management. Continued management of P. cinnamomi through phosphite application and management of fire return intervals will be critical to conserve the remaining areas of the thicket where sensitive plant species occur together with an ex situ conservation program including ongoing seed collection and translocation for the most threatened species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks to a mountain summit ecosystem with endemic biota in southwestern Australia

Barrett

Yates

2014

Austral Ecology

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“…4c), and there were no genetic differences between them based on the mitochondrial CO1 gene (Gullan et al . 2013). The populations were likely once part of a continuous thicket of montane heath, which stretched across the eastern massif of the Stirling Range.…”

Section: Pseudococcus Markharveyimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gullan et al . (2013) suggested that another population of P. markharveyi may occur in the Fitzgerald River National Park, approximately 135 km to the east, represented by specimens collected in 1985 on Banksia heliantha Mast & Thiele. Multiple attempts between 2012 and 2020 to recollect Fitzgerald River specimens for molecular work did not yield adult specimens; however, some Pseudococcidae nymphs were recovered from B. heliantha in the same area as the 1985 collection.…”

Section: Pseudococcus Markharveyimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coextinction of Pseudococcus markharveyi (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): a case study in the modern insect extinction crisis

Moir

2020

Austral Entomology

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The majority of modern insect extinctions are likely unrecorded, despite increasing concern for this hyperdiverse group. This is because they are either yet to be discovered and described, their distributions and host associations are poorly known, or data are too sparse to detect declines in populations. Here, I outline the likely extinction of an Australian mealybug, Pseudococcus markharveyi Gullan 2013, which was discovered and described less than 15 years ago but was highlighted recently as one of five most threatened invertebrates in Australia from recent bushfires. The synergistic threats of dieback disease (Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, 1922) and inappropriate fire regime as a consequence of climate change, have decimated host plant populations of the critically endangered Banksia montana (George, 1996) (Mast & Thiele 2007) and the montane habitat of both organisms, thereby leading to the coextinction of the mealybug. Its loss occurred despite attempts at conservation management and illustrates the general insect extinction crisis that Australia, and the world, is facing. The majority of Australian mealybugs are not receiving the same attention as P. markharveyi. Many poorly known species either remain undetected, without formal names, or data on their distribution, abundance and critical habitat are too scant to assess their conservation status. I also discuss the diversity of Australian mealybugs more generally and their need for conservation.

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“…Debido a la complejidad reglamentaria, así como la identificación de los especímenes, la correcta detección, por medio de la descripción de caracteres, suele presentarse como un problema, principalmente cuando se deben identificar y discriminar plagas cuarentenarias de las que no lo son (Gimpel y Miller, 1996), a menos que se cuente con la opinión de un experto (Kondo et al, 2008a), o bien, se realicen distintos análisis de identificación complementaria como pruebas morfológicas y de ADN del insecto (Malausa et al, 2010;Abd-Rabou et al, 2012). Tales esfuerzos han permitido identificar nuevas especies alrededor del mundo (Kondo et al, 2005;Kaydan y Gullan 2012;Kondo et al, 2012;Gullan et al, 2013).…”

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Las cochinillas harinosas (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) y su impacto en el cultivo de Musáceas

Palma-Jiménez¹,

Blanco‐Meneses

Guillén-Sánchez³

2019

Agron. Mesoam.

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Introducción. La cochinilla harinosa (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) se conoce por su importancia a nivel comercial, puede afectar todas las etapas de desarrollo del cultivo y causar pérdidas de la cosecha. Objetivo. El objetivo de la presente revisión bibliográfica consistió en sintetizar los principales aspectos relacionados con la taxonomía, biología, daños a las plantas hospedantes, distribución geográfica e impacto de la cochinilla harinosa en las Musáceas. Desarrollo. La mayoría de los géneros tienen una amplia distribución geográfica. Pueden transportarse durante el embarque del cultivo a exportar, escapando a las regulaciones fitosanitarias, con un alto riesgo de introducción como plaga de cultivos de importancia económica de otros países. Para identificar al individuo a nivel de especie se utilizan las hembras adultas, los machos y ninfas carecen de características necesarias para su clasificación. Dentro de la familia Pseudococcidae sobresale Pseudococcus elisae (Borchsenius), como una de las primeras especies identificadas en el cultivo de Musáceas. El Servicio Fitosanitario del Estado del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería de Costa Rica, declaró para finales del 2013 e inicios del 2014, emergencia fitosanitaria a causa del aumento de P. elisae, sin embargo, existen registros de hasta veinticuatro especies como vectores del virus del estriado del banano, pertenecientes a catorce géneros con distintos orígenes. El período de alimentación donde ocurre la transmisión, está relacionado con la especie y las condiciones ambientales. A la vez que inyectan toxinas, se secretan líquidos azucarados del floema de la planta, que sirven de medio para el establecimiento de hongos sobre la superficie de los órganos atacados, lo cual provoca daños fisiológicos al cultivo. Conclusión. Es de gran importancia considerar los aspectos relacionados con la taxonomía, la biología, las plantas hospedadoras y la distribución geográfica de las diferentes especies de la cochinilla harinosa para desarrollar estrategias apropiadas que controlen la propagación de la plaga.

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A new species of mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from critically endangered Banksia montana in Western Australia

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Risks to a mountain summit ecosystem with endemic biota in southwestern Australia

Risks to a mountain summit ecosystem with endemic biota in southwestern Australia

Coextinction of Pseudococcus markharveyi (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): a case study in the modern insect extinction crisis

Las cochinillas harinosas (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) y su impacto en el cultivo de Musáceas

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