A new species of Ormosia (Leguminosae) from the middle Miocene of Fujian, Southeast China and its biogeography

Wang, Zixi; Shi, Gongle; Sun, Bainian; Yin, Suxin

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2019.07.003

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The proportion of woody legumes is highest in Central and South American forests, decreases in Africa and is low in Southeast Asian forests, which are dominated by dipterocarps(Menge et al, 2019;Sprent et al, 2013;Yahara et al, 2013). The genus Ormosia is something of an exception, as it has diversified in Southeast Asia and northern Australia as well as in neotropical forests and appears to have been widely distributed in east Asia during the Miocene(Wang et al, 2019). Tropical African forests include many non-nodulating legumes(Sprent et al, 2017), as seen in Detarioideae, which has its centre of diversity in Africa and is a dominant component in manyareas (de la Estrella et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evolution and biogeography of actinorhizal plants and legumes: A comparison

Ardley

Sprent

2021

Journal of Ecology

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1. The symbiosis between plants and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is widespread among legumes and actinorhizal plants within the nitrogen-fixing root nodule (NFN) clade. However, there are major differences, as well as similarities, in the symbioses between actinorhizal plants and Frankia and those of legumes and their associated rhizobia. 2. This review provides an overview of NFN symbioses. We outline the evolution and biogeography of actinorhizal plants and legumes and compare and contrast their microsymbionts and symbiotic processes. 3. Within the NFN clade, a far greater number of nodulated legumes exists, compared with actinorhizal plants, and legumes have a much wider biogeographical distribution. There are genetic and physiological differences between free-living diazotrophic Frankia and the phylogenetically diverse rhizobia, most strains of which are unable to fix N 2 ex planta. Actinorhizal nodules are modified lateral roots with a central vascular system, whereas legume nodules are stem-like organs with peripheral vascular systems. Most legumes contain their microsymbionts within symbiosomes, rather than the infection threads found in actinorhizal nodule cells. Legumes have greater control of their microsymbionts, and those within the Inverted Repeat Lacking Clade impose terminal differentiation on their bacteroids. Legumes also have effective processes for autoregulation of nodulation and downregulation of N 2 fixation in response to high levels of soil N. These features of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis have led to increased efficiencies in N 2 fixation. 4. Synthesis. We suggest that these characteristic features of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis, specifically legumes' greater flexibility in the choice of microsymbiont partner and the evolution of increased efficiencies in N 2 fixation, are factors that can explain why the majority of species within the Leguminosae have retained the ability to nodulate and how this has contributed to their evolutionary success. K E Y W O R D S biogeography and macroecology, biological flora, dispersal, evolutionary ecology, global change ecology, plant development and life-history traits, plant-climate interactions | 3

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Evolution and biogeography of actinorhizal plants and legumes: A comparison

Ardley

Sprent

2021

Journal of Ecology

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“…The presence of cuticle in the seeds of species belonging to the Leguminosae is constantly described in the literature [63][64][65]. The cuticles present in plants are made up of lipophilic cutin and hydrophobic compounds called waxes, in addition to a varied number of polysaccharides [66][67][68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Information of the Anatomy and Phytochemical Screening of Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Caesalpinioideae-Leguminosae) Seeds

Correia,

Gurgel,

Ribeiro

et al. 2023

International Journal of Food Science

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Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.), whose common name is “pracaxi,” is naturally found in the Amazon region. The present study is aimed at analyzing the anatomy, seed histochemistry, and chemical composition in fatty acid profile of P. macroloba seed oils. Seeds were collected in the cities of Belém, Marituba, and São Domingos do Capim-PA. For the study in light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and histochemistry, seeds were sectioned in cross and longitudinal sections of the embryonic axis and fixed in formaldehyde, acetic acid, and 50% ethyl alcohol; neutral-buffered formalin; and formaldehyde and ferrous sulfate and stored in 70% ethyl alcohol. For the anatomical study, the seeds were subjected to the usual techniques of plant anatomy. Histochemical tests were performed on plant material, freehand sectioned, and embedded in histological paraffin with DMSO. The fatty acid profile was determined for gas chromatography (GC-FID). Integument is divided into three strata, monoseriate exotesta, mesotesta formed by several layers of parenchyma cells, and monoseriate endotesta, formed by compressed cells. Cotyledons are composed of thin-walled parenchyma cells with several secretory cavities and secretory idioblasts. The main metabolic classes are lipids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, and alkaloids. The main fatty acids found in P. macroloba oil are oleic, behenic, lignoceric, and linoleic. P. macroloba seeds have important anatomical characteristics for their circumscription in Leguminosae and also in Caesalpinioideae, and their oil is rich in fatty acids essential to the human diet, providing many benefits to the human health, such as fatty acids belonging to the omega family (linoleic, oleic).

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“…The arthropod inclusions in Zhangpu amber and plant fossil assemblage both suggest that the middle Miocene Zhangpu biota is a megathermal (currently "tropical") rainforest biome (Wang et al, 2021a). The plant fossil assemblage consists of Osmundaceae, Schizaeaceae, Smilacaceae, Altingiaceae, Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Burseraceae, Clusiaceae, Coriariaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Leguminosae, Magnoliaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Myristicaceae, Rhamnaceae, Salicaceae, Urticaceae, Trapaceae, and Nelumbonaceae (Shi & Li, 2010;Shi et al, 2014b;Jacques et al, 2015;Lin et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2017Wang et al, , 2019aWang et al, , 2019bWang et al, , 2019cWang et al, , 2019dWang et al, , 2020Wang et al, , 2021aWang et al, , 2021bWang et al, , 2022aWang et al, , 2022bDong et al, 2018aDong et al, , 2018bDong et al, , 2021Dong et al, , 2022Beurel et al, 2023;Wu et al, 2023;Yin et al, 2023). Paleoclimate estimates based on leaf physiognomy also reveal that the middle Miocene flora in Zhangpu represents a tropical seasonal rainforest with a mean annual temperature of ~22.5°C, a warm month mean temperature of ~27.1°C, a cold month mean temperature of ~17.2°C, nearly 12-month growing seasons, and growing season precipitation of ~1929 mm (Wang et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Fossil Assemblage and Paleoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Parrotiaflower blooming in Miocene rainforest

Shu

Yin

et al. 2023

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Parrotia C. A. Meyer (Hamamelidaceae) is a relictual genus with only two extant species disjunctly distributed in the subtropical forests of East China and temperate forests of North Iran. Fossil records suggest that Parrotia was widespread in Europe and Asia during the Miocene, but its fossils are predominantly based on pollen and leaves. In this paper we describe the first fossil flower of Parrotia based on an exceptionally well‐preserved amber inclusion from the middle Miocene of Zhangpu, Southeast China. The fossil flower was investigated with light microscope and microcomputed tomography techniques. Parrotia zhiyani sp. nov. is a small apetalous staminate flower subtended by a pair of prominent bracts. The androecium consists of 12 stamens, and each stamen consists of a short, slender filament and a prominent, elongated anther. The anthers with short simple trichomes on the outer surface and a prominent apical connective extension are opened by longitudinal slits. Unlike its living relatives, the new Parrotia from Zhangpu grew in a Miocene seasonal tropical rainforest.

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A new species of Ormosia (Leguminosae) from the middle Miocene of Fujian, Southeast China and its biogeography

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Evolution and biogeography of actinorhizal plants and legumes: A comparison

Evolution and biogeography of actinorhizal plants and legumes: A comparison

New Information of the Anatomy and Phytochemical Screening of Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Caesalpinioideae-Leguminosae) Seeds

Parrotiaflower blooming in Miocene rainforest

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