A new species of Piaroa (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from Venezuela, with taxonomic notes on the genus

Abstract

A new species belonging to the schizomid genus Piaroa Villarreal, Giupponi and Tourinho, 2008 is described from north-western Venezuela. A complementary description of Piaroa guipongai Villarreal and Garcia, 2012 is provided including SEM pictures of relevant structures of both sexes. A key for males of Piaroa and Colombiazomus Armas and Delgado-Santa, 2012 is included. The presence of Dm3 setae on Hubbardiidae is discussed.

New Proposal of Setal Homology in Schizomida and Revision of Surazomus (Hubbardiidae) from Ecuador

“…In general in Hubbardiinae, G4 has only two short and stout setae positioned on the middle of the mesal side of the chelicera (e.g. Piaroa , [ 18 ], Figure 26; Wayuuzomus gonzalezspongai , Fig 2B ). Regarding Megaschizominae, the only species with its chelicerae known is Megaschizomus mossambicus and it has three long and thick setae with similar shape and placement as those of Hubbardiinae.…”

“…The nomenclature of pedipalps, legs and spermathecae follows Reddell and Cokendolpher [ 3 ]; the nomenclature for flagellum setation follows Harvey [ 20 ], modified by Cokendolpher and Reddell [ 13 ], Villarreal, Armas and García [ 18 ] and Moreno-González, Delgado-Santa and Armas [ 27 ]; the nomenclature of cheliceral setae is based on Lawrence [ 8 ]; the chelicerae of Protoschizomidae were analyzed based on figures in the literature [ 13 , 16 , 28 ], and some unpublished SEM images of Agastoschizomus lucifer Rowland, 1971 [ 29 ], accessible in Morphbank [ 30 ]. Tables 1 and 2 summarize which species had specimens analyzed under the microscope and which had details extracted from the literature.…”

“…Hansen and Sörensen [ 7 ] were the first to name some of the schizomid cheliceral setae, as the remarkable "blood-hairs", and Lawrence [ 8 ] was the first to establish a chaetotaxy system, defining groups of setae according to their morphology, position and number. Lawrence [ 8 ] proposed six groups in the mesal side of the chelicerae (groups 1 to 6, or G1-G6) and this chaetotaxy system was used by several authors thereafter [ 9 – 13 ], but recent papers just count the number of setae per group (e. g. [ 14 – 18 ]),ignoring their relative position, shape and size, as originally proposed. Besides that, most of the descriptions of chelicerae deal with Hubbardiidae species, including the original proposal of Lawrence [ 8 ], and contributions to the understanding of Protoschizomidae chelicerae are rare.…”

Rowlandius dumitrescoae species group: new diagnosis, key and description of new cave-dwelling species from Brazil (Schizomida, Hubbardiidae)

“…Terminology of pedipalps, legs and spermathecae follows Reddell and Cokendolpher (1995) and Moreno-González et al (2014); flagellum setation follows terminology of Harvey (1992), modified by Cokendolpher and Reddell (1992), Villarreal et al (2014), Moreno-González et al (2014) and Monjaraz-Ruedas et al (2016); cheliceral setation terminology is based on Lawrence (1969) modified by Villarreal et al (2016). Description format follows Villarreal et al (2016).…”

Two new cave-dwelling genera of short-tailed whip-scorpions from Brazil (Arachnida: Schizomida: Hubbardiidae)

“…Additionally, the author mentions that there are at least 11 undescribed species and three undescribed genera in South America. Since then, two genera and 13 species have been described, most of them from Colombia (armas & DelgaDo-santa 2012a, b, moreno-gonzález & villarreal 2012, villarreal & garcía 2012, DelgaDo-santa & armas 2013, santos et al 2013, villarreal et al 2014, moreno-gonzález et al 2014), resulting in 47 described species on South America. This number is probably an underestimate of the true diversity of Schizomida, considering that the region of Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil), the only area reasonably well sampled, harbors seven species.…”