A new species of Scinax from the Purus-Madeira interfluve, Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Hylidae)

Abstract

A new tree frog species of the genus Scinax from the interfluve between the Purus and Madeira rivers, Brazilian Amazonia, is described and illustrated. The new species is diagnosed by medium body size, snout truncate in dorsal view, ulnar and tarsal tubercles absent, nuptial pads poorly developed, skin on dorsum shagreen, dorsum light brown with dark brown spots and markings, white groin with black spots, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs black, and iris bright orange. The advertisement call consists of a single short note, with 16−18 pulses and dominant frequency at 1572−1594 Hz. Tadpoles are characterized by body ovoid in dorsal view and triangular in lateral view, tail higher than body, oral disc located anteroventrally and laterally emarginated, dorsum of body uniformly grey-brown with dark brown eye-snout stripe in preservative, fins translucent with small to large irregular diffuse dark brown spots.

Geographic distribution of Scinax onca (Anura: Hylidae) and the frst record of its occurrence in Peru

“…The morphology and coloration of the specimen are consistent with the description given by Ferrão et al (2017) and it has the following characteristics: bright orange iris; snout truncate in dorsal view; conspicuous dark brown spots on dorsum; light brown flanks with dark spots; white black spotted groin; long bones of hind limbs white, The latter differentiates S. onca from its congeners and especially S. iquitorum (the closest related species), which has dark brown dots concentrated on head, as well as in areas of the scapular and sacral blotches; bright yellow flanks with numerous distinct, round black spots; and green hind-limb bones. The color pattern of CORBIDI 12335 corresponds with the variation showed by individuals from interfluvium between the Middle Purus and Madeira rivers as is given on the original description of Scinax onca (Ferrão et al 2017). The locality record reported here for Scinax onca in Peru is 1273 km airline NW of the previous most northern locality and 1058 km airline NW of the previous most western locality recorded for the species in Brazil (Figure 2).…”

“…Consistent with Ferrão et al (2017) and Duellman and Wiens (1993), the following morphometric variables were recorded: snoutvent length (SVL), head length (HL), head width (HW), interorbital distance (IOD), upper eyelid width (UEW), eye diameter (ED), tympanum diameter (TD), hand length (HAL), thigh length (THL), tibia length (TL), tarsus length (TSL), and foot length (FL). These data were compared to measurements of male S. onca taken from Ferrão et al (2017) and morphological characters of S. iquitorum found in Moravec et al (2009). The single frog was collected under the permit # 319-2012-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS issued by the Ministerio de Agricultura de Peru, and the record is described herein.…”

“…During the last decade, 16 new taxa of neotropical snouted treefrogs of the genus Scinax Wagler, 1830 have been described , Pugliese et al 2009, Nunes and Pombal 2010, 2011, 2012, Brusquetti et al 2014, Sturaro and Peloso 2014, Araujo-Vieira et al 2015, Juncá et al 2015, Conte et al 2016, Ferrão et al 2017, Acosta-Galvis 2018, Ron et al 2018. The total of 72 species in Scinax confirms its status as one of the most diverse among treefrogs (Ferrão et al 2018, Frost 2018.…”

“…Scinax onca Ferrão, Moravec, Fraga, Pinheiro de Almeida, Kaefer, and Lima, 2017 is one of the most recently described species, and its distribution is restricted to a few small areas in the states of Amazonas and Rondônia in Brazil (Ferrão et al 2017). Ferrão et al (2017) suggested that given the coloration and morphological characters provided by Melo-Sampaio and Souza (2015) and Machado et al (2015), earlier Brazilian records for Scinax iquitorum (species closely related to S. onca) in the state of Acre should be assigned to S. onca. However, in the absence of appropriate genetic confirmation, the distribution of S. onca has been restricted to the interfluve between the Purus and Madeira rivers.…”

“…Map showing localities from which Scinax onca is recorded. Yellow star: holotype; yellow circles: paratypes; white triangle: unconfirmed records(Machado et al 2015, Melo-Sampaio and Souza 2015, Ferrão et al 2017; red square: new record.…”