A New Species of Snailfish (Cottiformes: Liparidae) Closely Related to Careproctus melanurus of the Eastern North Pacific

Orr, James W.; Pitruk, D. L.; Manning, Rachel; Stevenson, Duane E.; Gardner, Jennifer R.; Spies, Ingrid

doi:10.1643/ci2020008

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…When comparing with other species, we used the characters of type specimens from the original descriptions, since widespread snailfishes can represent themselves species complexes, as is shown for C. melanurus/C. ambustus (Orr et al, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our species differs from C. ambustus in a number of features. In C. ambustus, the jaw teeth are weakly three-lobed and small (form 23-45 oblique rows of 11-27 teeth each), the disc is longitudinally oval and concave, the anus opens at some distance from the disc (equal to about 1/3 of the disc length); the lower lobe of P is almost equal in length to the upper lobe (on average, 16.7 and 18.5% SL, respectively) (Orr et al, 2020. Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1). The holotype of C. ambustus, caught in the Pacific Ocean south of Amlia Island (Aleutian Archipelago) at a depth of 330 m, has a pinkred skin with an orange tint (Orr et al, 2020. Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The taxonomy of the group is being actively developed. New species are still described, including those from the North Pacific Ocean (Orr and Maslenikov, 2007;Sakurai and Shinohara, 2008;Machi et al, 2012;Orr, 2012;Orr et al, 2015Orr et al, , 2020Murasaki et al, 2017;Chernova et al, 2020;Matsuzaki et al, 2020). The genus Careproctus is the most specious in the family, with up to 140 taxa; about 50 of species live in the North Pacific Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Species of Snailfishes (Liparidae) of the Genus Careproctus from the Northern Slope of the Aleutin Basin (Bering Sea)

2021

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Abstract— A new species of snailfishes Careproctus schmidti sp. nov. from the northwestern part of the Bering Sea is described. The specimen was caught in the mesobenthal of the Aleutian Basin at a depth of 852–862 m (holotype ZIN no. 56 620—female TL 194 mm). It is distinguished from the majority of congeners of the North Pacific Ocean by a set of features: a large number of vertebrae (63) and rays in the fins (D 56, A 50, P 34, C 10), the presence of two pairs of pleural ribs, a relatively elongated (21% SL) pectoral fin with a notch and short lower lobe (12% SL), two suprabranchial pores, simple teeth, naked skin, and black peritoneum. In terms of meristic features, the new species is similar to three North Pacific species, but it differs from C. colletti in a short lower lobe of the pectoral fin, a flattened disc of triangular outlines, and a longer gill slit. It differs from C. roseofuscus by a lower body, a pectoral fin ventrally located and anus which opens immediately behind the disc. It differs from C. ambustus in purple-lilac color, fewer in number simple teeth with sharp apexes, in vertical and higher disposition of gill slit, shorter lower lobe of the pectoral fin, disc shape and position of the anus. The presence of an ovipositor may indicate existence of complicated reproductive behavior (such as carcinophilia or other types of reproductive commensalism). The northwestern slope of the Aleutian Basin, where a specimen of C. schmidti was caught, is located in the zone of influence of the Bering Slope Current and seasonal upwelling associated with the rise of deep waters. The composition of the ichthyocene in the area of capture is given, including up to 20 species, dominated by Macrouridae.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Species of Snailfishes (Liparidae) of the Genus Careproctus from the Northern Slope of the Aleutin Basin (Bering Sea)

2021

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“…In this study, we observed the reproductive behavior of a deep-sea snail sh, C. pellucidus (Gilbert and Burke 1912), which is distributed in the North Paci c Ocean region at depths > 200 m, in an aquarium. Careproctus is one of the most diverse genera among the Liparidae, comprising at least 140 known species (Orr et al 2019(Orr et al , 2020. Most Careproctus species are found in the deeper zones of the sea, and new species continue to be described (Chernova 2005;Orr 2012;Chernova 2014a, b;Orr 2016;Kai and Matsuzaki 2019;Matsuzaki et al2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Description of Reproductive Behavior and Alternative Reproductive Strategy in the Deep-sea Fish, Careproctus pellucidus.

Mōri

Fukuda

Ohtsuka

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The reproductive biology of deep-sea fishes is largely unknown because of the difficulty of behavioral observations in this environment. In this study, the reproductive behavior of the deep-sea snailfish, Careproctus pellucidus, which lives at depths > 200 m, was observed in an aquarium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to observe and describe the reproductive behavior of deep-sea fish under free-living conditions. Fishes were collected at a depth of approximately 300 m (36°70′ N; 141°00′ E) on July and August 2018 and kept for observation until March 2019. We observed that almost all spawnings took place between one male and one female. Males defended a spawning substrate against other males and exhibited body-wiggling behavior for both courtship and aggressive display. Females visited the male’s territory and spawned a demersal adhesive egg mass on the substrate. The territorial male then sought the spawned eggs using filamentous rays in the lower pectoral-fin lobe and released sperm when he located the eggs. Males remained near the spawning substrate after spawning but did not perform any parental care. Notably, sneaking behavior by a non-territorial male was observed in one case; this is the first report of this alternative reproductive strategy (or tactic) in a deep-sea fish. Our study reveals the unique reproductive biology of the deep-sea fish, C. pellucidus, which does not depend on visual information and uses other sensory modalities.

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Reproductive behavior and alternative reproductive strategy in the deep-sea snailfish, Careproctus pellucidus

et al. 2022

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The reproductive biology of deep-sea fishes is largely unknown because of the difficulty of behavioral observations in this environment. In this study, the reproductive behavior of the deep-sea snailfish, Careproctus pellucidus, which lives at depths > 200 m, was observed in an aquarium. Fishes were collected at a depth of approximately 300 m in the North Pacific Ocean (36°70′N; 141°00′E) in July and August 2018 and kept for observation until March 2019. We observed that spawning events usually took place between one male and one female. Males defended a spawning substrate against other males and exhibited body-wiggling behavior for both courtship and aggressive display. Females visited the male's territory and spawned a demersal adhesive egg mass on the substrate. The territorial male then sought the spawned eggs using the filamentous rays in the lower pectoral-fin lobe and released sperm when he located the eggs. Males remained near the spawning substrate after spawning but did not perform any parental care. Notably, sneaking behavior by a non-territorial male was observed in one case; this is the first report of this alternative reproductive strategy (or tactic) in a deep-sea fish. Our study reveals the spawning of C. pellucidus appear to use the mechanosensory lateral line and the chemical sense heavily to adapt to the dim sunlight deep-sea environment.

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A New Species of Snailfish (Cottiformes: Liparidae) Closely Related to Careproctus melanurus of the Eastern North Pacific

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

A New Species of Snailfishes (Liparidae) of the Genus Careproctus from the Northern Slope of the Aleutin Basin (Bering Sea)

A New Species of Snailfishes (Liparidae) of the Genus Careproctus from the Northern Slope of the Aleutin Basin (Bering Sea)

First Description of Reproductive Behavior and Alternative Reproductive Strategy in the Deep-sea Fish, Careproctus pellucidus.

Reproductive behavior and alternative reproductive strategy in the deep-sea snailfish, Careproctus pellucidus

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