A New Species of Sphaenorhynchus (Anura: Hylidae) from Northeastern Brazil

A total evidence analysis of the phylogeny of hatchet‐faced treefrogs (Anura: Hylidae: Sphaenorhynchus)

“…dorisae and S. lacteus ; combined SVL in males 26.0–41.0 mm, females 36.0–46.0 mm; Rodriguez and Duellman, ); and the clade including the medium‐sized species of the Atlantic Forest, that we recognize as the S. platycephalus group ( S. botocudo , S. bromelicola , S. cammaeus , S. canga , S. caramaschii , S. palustris , S . platycephalus and S. surdus ; combined SVL in males 22.5–36.0 mm, females 20.0–33.0 mm; Lutz and Lutz, ; Bokermann, ; Heyer et al., ; Toledo et al., ; Caramaschi et al., ; Araujo‐Vieira et al., ; Roberto et al., ).…”

On the Identity ofSphaenorhynchus platycephalus(Werner, 1894) (Anura: Hylidae)

“…Our observations are based on an extensive list of preserved specimens of Sphaenorhynchus (see Appendix) supplemented with descriptions by Lutz and Lutz (1938), Bokermann (1966), Kenny (1969), Bokermann (1973), Heyer et al (1990), Harding (1991), Toledo et al (2007), Caramaschi et al (2009), Araujo-Vieira et al (2015), and Roberto et al (2017). Although it is generally possible to see vomerine, premaxillary, and maxillary teeth under high magnification in species of Sphaenorhynchus, when possible we corroborated their presence and number in cleared and double-stained specimens (Taylor and Van Dyke, 1985).…”

“…3B). The absence of dermal folds or tubercles on the ventrolateral margin of the tarsus distinguishes S. platycephalus from S. botocudo, S. bromelicola, S. cammaeus, S. caramaschii, S. palustris, and S. surdus (row of tubercles or crenulated dermal fold on the ventrolateral surface of tarsus; Caramaschi et al, 2009;Roberto et al, 2017) and S. dorisae, S. lacteus, S. planicola, and S. prasinus (well developed and smooth dermal fold on tarsus). The lack of dermal appendages on the elbow and heel also separates S. platycephalus from S. botocudo, S. bromelicola, S. cammaeus, S. caramaschii, S. palustris, and S. surdus (tubercles or crenulated dermal fold on heel; Caramaschi et al, 2009;Roberto et al, 2017), S. dorisae (dermal fold on elbow and triangular calcar appendage present), and Additionally, the presence of many enlarged tubercles in the subcloacal region, not forming a dermal fold, differentiates Sphaenorhynchus platycephalus from S. botocudo, S. bromelicola, S. cammaeus, S. canga, S. caramaschii, S. palustris, and S. surdus (dermal fold on the subcloacal region; Bokermann, 1966;Caramaschi et al, 2009;Araujo-Vieira et al, 2015: fig Sphaenorhynchus platycephalus also differs from S. dorisae, S. mirim, and S. planicola by the presence of maxillary and premaxillary teeth (absent in these species); and from S. carneus by the presence of vomerine, maxillary, and premaxillary teeth (absent in S. carneus).…”

Range extension and natural history comments of periurban populations of Sphaenorhynchus caramaschii Toledo, Garcia, Lingnau & Haddad, 2007 (Anura, Hylidae) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

“…Recent studies have discovered new species of Sphaenorhynchus genus (Toledo et al 2007, Caramaschi et al 2009, Araujo-Vieira et al 2015, Roberto et al 2017, which currently consists of 15 species of small greenish tree frogs (Frost 2018). These species inhabit permanent and temporary ponds in open areas and forest edges, with floating vegetation or partially submerged in the water (e.g., Lutz and Lutz 1938, Bokermann 1973, Cruz and Peixoto 1980.…”

“…Most species of Sphaenorhynchus are widespread throughout in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, from the state of Pernambuco to Rio Grande do Sul (e.g. Cochran 1953, Bokermann 1973, Caramaschi et al 2009, Araujo-Vieira et al 2015, Roberto et al 2017, but only S. platycephalus (Werner, 1894) (see Araujo-Vieira et al 2018) and S. caramaschii have been recorded in the state of São Paulo (Rossa-Feres et al 2011).…”