A new species of tooth-carp, Aphanius mesopotamicus, from Iran and Iraq (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae)

Coad, Brian W.

doi:10.3897/zookeys.31.131

Cited by 797 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…mesopotamicus males from males of A . sophiae (Coad, ); the caudal peduncle length and numbers of lateral and caudal peduncle scales separate Aphanius arakensis Teimori, Esmaeili, Gholami, Zarei & Reichenbacher 2012 from other inland species of Aphanius (Teimori et al , ) and the numbers of lateral‐scale series are useful taxonomic criteria for the discrimination of A . vladykovi from Aphanius isfahanensis Hrbek, Keivany & Coad 2006, A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic connectivity and phenotypic plasticity in the cyprinodont Aphanius farsicus from the Maharlu Basin, south‐western Iran

Gholami

Esmaeili

Erpenbeck

et al. 2015

Journal of Fish Biology

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Meristic and morphometric characteristics, including otolith data, of the Farsi tooth-carp Aphanius farsicus, which is endemic to the endorheic Maharlu Basin in south-western Iran, were analysed for a sample of 92 individuals from four spring-streams; DNA sequence data (cytochrome b gene) are presented for 29 specimens. Some phenotypic variation was detected but the genetic data clearly indicate connectivity between the populations. Possible links between phenotypic variation and environmental variables such as water temperature, habitat size and absence or presence of predators and competitors are discussed. Based on a literature survey and the new data, it is concluded that population connectivity is maintained during times of droughts via large aquifers that formed during the late Pliocene to early Pleistocene, when the extant endorheic Maharlu Basin was created. Based on new data presented here and previous work, it is apparent that plastic and constant characteristics are present in Aphanius species, and that, if a population becomes isolated, a given trend of evolution may give rise to a taxonomically useful characteristic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic connectivity and phenotypic plasticity in the cyprinodont Aphanius farsicus from the Maharlu Basin, south‐western Iran

Gholami

Esmaeili

Erpenbeck

et al. 2015

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…: GenBank ‐82; A. vladykovi Coad, 1988: GenBank , and ; A. isfahanensis Hrbek et al. : GenBank and ‐89; A. mesopotamicus Coad : GenBank ; A. fasciatus (Valenciennes, in Humboldt and Valenciennes 1821): GenBank ; A. iberus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846): GenBank ; Fundulopanchax sjostedti (Lönnberg, 1895): GenBank ; Epiplatys infrafasciatus (Günther, 1866): GenBank ; Aphyosemion polli Radda & Pürzl, 1987: GenBank .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of Aphanius from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, South-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae)

Gholami

Esmaeili

Erpenbeck

et al. 2013

J Zoolog Syst Evol Res

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Morphologically similar populations of Aphanius that are currently considered as A. sophiae inhabit the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains. Using genetic analysis based on mtDNA (cytochrome b), combined with examination of morphology (morphometry, meristics, otoliths), we discovered that what is thought to be A. sophiae is actually two distinct species, one of which is described as A. shirini sp. n. The males of the new species can be distinguished from those of all other Iranian inland Aphanius species by having only 7–10 clearly defined white flank bars, which is the lowest number of flank bars among the Iranian inland Aphanius species. Both males and females differ from all other Iranian inland Aphanius species by having a significantly longer caudal peduncle and a smaller dorsal fin depth. Based on the PhyML and Bayesian likelihood trees, A. shirini is sister to A. vladykovi from the Karoun Basin in the Zagros Mountains. Our results indicate that an ancient exorheic Kor River Basin existed in the Late Miocene and Pliocene. The close phylogenetic relationship between A. shirini and A. vladykovi suggests that the pre‐Pliocene drainage in the ancient Kor River Basin was directed to the north‐west (to the Karoun Basin), and not to the south‐east as in the present‐day Kor Basin. Both A. shirini and A. vladykovi represent the highest altitude records for Aphanius. We conclude that the splits of A. shirini and A. vladykovi can be linked to tectonic events in the Middle to Late Miocene, which created the highest altitudes (>3000 m) in the Zagros Mountains, and led to isolation of populations. The present‐day endorheic Kor Basin is known to have formed in the Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene, and the ‘young’ age of A. sophiae is clearly related to this history. Our results contribute to elucidate the link between geological history and the present‐day species diversity in the tectonically still active Zagros Mountains of Iran.

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“…They were commonly identified as Aphanius sophiae (Heckel, 1849) (Coad and Abdoli 2000; Kamal et al 2009); however, it was shown that the true Aphanius sophiae is restricted to the endorheic Kor River basin near Shiraz (Fars Province) (Coad 2009; Esmaeili et al 2012). This study describes a newly discovered Aphanius population from the Namak Lake basin in northern central Iran (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphanius arakensis, a new species of tooth-carp (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae) from the endorheic Namak Lake basin in Iran

Teimori¹,

Esmaeili²,

Gholami³

et al. 2012

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A new species of tooth-carp, Aphanius arakensis sp. n., is described from the Namak Lake basin in Iran. The new species is distinguished by the congeners distributed in Iran by the following combination of characters: 10–12 anal fin rays, 28–32 lateral line scales, 10–13 caudal peduncle scales, 8–10 gill rakers, 12–19, commonly 15–16, clearly defined flank bars in males, a more prominent pigmentation along the flank added by relatively big blotches in the middle and posterior flank segments in females, a short but high antirostrum of the otolith that has a wide excisura, and a ventral rim with some small, drop-like processes, and 19 molecular apomorphies (17 transitions, two transversions) in the cytochrome b gene. It was suggested based on the phylogenetic analysis that the new species is sister to Aphanius sophiae from the Kor River and that Aphanius farsicus from the Maharlu Lake basin is sister to Aphanius arakensis plus Aphanius sophiae. A noticeable feature of the Aphanius diversity in Iran is the conservatism of the external morphology as well as morphometric and meristic characters, while distinctive differences are present in genetic characters, otolith morphology, and male color pattern. Transformation of the latter was probably driven by sexual selection.

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A new species of tooth-carp, Aphanius mesopotamicus, from Iran and Iraq (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae)

Cited by 797 publications

References 5 publications

Genetic connectivity and phenotypic plasticity in the cyprinodont Aphanius farsicus from the Maharlu Basin, south‐western Iran

Genetic connectivity and phenotypic plasticity in the cyprinodont Aphanius farsicus from the Maharlu Basin, south‐western Iran

Phylogenetic analysis of Aphanius from the endorheic Kor River Basin in the Zagros Mountains, South-western Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae)

Aphanius arakensis, a new species of tooth-carp (Actinopterygii, Cyprinodontidae) from the endorheic Namak Lake basin in Iran

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