A new species of trypanosome, <i>Trypanosoma desterrensis</i> sp. n., isolated from South American bats

Grisard, Edmundo C.; Sturm, Nancy R.; Campbell, David A.

doi:10.1017/s0031182003003536

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The characterisation of whole SL gene repeats in T. livingstonei showed a larger length and more polymorphic sequences among isolates of the same species and repeats of the same isolate, when compared to other trypanosome species. In addition, this species enclosed a copy of 5S rRNA within its intergenic region, as reported before for T. vivax , T. conorhini, T. rangeli , T. desterrensis, T. theileri and T. melophagium , but absent in T. cruzi, T. cruzi marinkellei, T. brucei and T. lewisi [17,19,21,44,45,55,56]. Here, the comparison of primary and secondary structures from the SL rRNA of T. livingstonei and other trypanosomes corroborated its close relationships with the trypanosomes that nested into a strongly supported (despite being highly heterogeneous) major clade containing African, Europe and South American species from bats ( T. sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Trypanosoma livingstonei: a new species from African bats supports the bat seeding hypothesis for the Trypanosoma cruzi clade

et al. 2013

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BackgroundBat trypanosomes have been implicated in the evolutionary history of the T. cruzi clade, which comprises species from a wide geographic and host range in South America, Africa and Europe, including bat-restricted species and the generalist agents of human American trypanosomosis T. cruzi and T. rangeli.MethodsTrypanosomes from bats (Rhinolophus landeri and Hipposideros caffer) captured in Mozambique, southeast Africa, were isolated by hemoculture. Barcoding was carried out through the V7V8 region of Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA and Fluorescent Fragment Length barcoding (FFLB). Phylogenetic inferences were based on SSU rRNA, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) and Spliced Leader (SL) genes. Morphological characterization included light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsNew trypanosomes from bats clustered together forming a clade basal to a larger assemblage called the T. cruzi clade. Barcoding, phylogenetic analyses and genetic distances based on SSU rRNA and gGAPDH supported these trypanosomes as a new species, which we named Trypanosoma livingstonei n. sp. The large and highly polymorphic SL gene repeats of this species showed a copy of the 5S ribosomal RNA into the intergenic region. Unique morphological (large and broad blood trypomastigotes compatible to species of the subgenus Megatrypanum and cultures showing highly pleomorphic epimastigotes and long and slender trypomastigotes) and ultrastructural (cytostome and reservosomes) features and growth behaviour (when co-cultivated with HeLa cells at 37°C differentiated into trypomastigotes resembling the blood forms and do not invaded the cells) complemented the description of this species.ConclusionPhylogenetic inferences supported the hypothesis that Trypanosoma livingstonei n. sp. diverged from a common ancestral bat trypanosome that evolved exclusively in Chiroptera or switched at independent opportunities to mammals of several orders forming the clade T. cruzi, hence, providing further support for the bat seeding hypothesis to explain the origin of T. cruzi and T. rangeli.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Trypanosoma livingstonei: a new species from African bats supports the bat seeding hypothesis for the Trypanosoma cruzi clade

et al. 2013

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“…A resolution of this problem resides in molecular phylogenetic analysis becoming an indispensable part of a new taxon characterization (Grisard, Sturm, and Campbell 2003; Podlipaev et al 2004a). By revealing hierarchical relationships of the organisms in question, phylogenies have direct taxonomic implications.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to a New Species Description in the Trypanosomatidae: the Case of Leptomonas podlipaevi n. sp., a Parasite of Boisea rubrolineata (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae)

Yurchenko

Lukeš

et al. 2006

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Leptomonas podlipaevi n. sp., a new trypanosomatid species, is described herein based on light microscopic, ultrastructural, and molecular phylogenetic data. The organism is pleomorphic both in host and culture, with two predominant forms-a typical promastigote with a long flagellum and a shorter promastigote with a small or barely extending flagellum. Several spliced leader RNA repeat sequences obtained from the original cultures and the clonal lines representing two types of cells were all nearly identical. These sequences formed a tight cluster in the neighbor-joining tree well separated from other trypanosomatid species. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences were determined for L. podlipaevi and 10 previously described trypanosomatid species. Molecular phylogenetic analysis has demonstrated that the new species is most closely related to Leptomonas seymouri and Leptomonas pyrrhocoris. The analysis has also highlighted the polyphyly of the genus Leptomonas.

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“…The trypanosome species that can infect bats and have been included in phylogenetic studies are T. dionisii, T. vespertilionis, Trypanosoma sp. bat (isolated in Africa), T. cruzi marinkellei (STEVENS & RAMBAUT, 2001;STEVENS & GIBSON, 1999;HAMILTON et al, 2007), T. desterrensis (GRISARD et al, 2003), T. wauwau (LIMA et al, 2015) in Brazil, T. erneyi (LIMA et al, in Africa and T. teixeirae in Austrália (BARBOSA et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat trypanosomes from Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve in Brazilian Amazon

Szpeiter

Ferreira

Assis

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Trypanosoma comprises flagellates able to infect several mammalian species and is transmitted by several groups of invertebrates. The order Chiroptera can be infected by the subgenera Herpetosoma, Schizotrypanum, Megatrypanum and Trypanozoon. In this study, we described the diversity of bat trypanosomes and inferred phylogenetic relationships among the trypanosomes from bats caught in Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve (Resex) in Pará state. Trypanosomes from bats were isolated by means of hemoculture, and the molecular phylogeny was based on the trypanosome barcode (SSUrDNA V7V8 variable region). A total of 111 bats were caught in the area, belonging to three families (Emballonuridae, Molossidae and Phyllostomidae) and 12 species. The bat trypanosome prevalence, as evaluated through hemoculture, was 9% all positive cultures were cryopreserve (100% of isolation success). Phylogenetic trees grouped nine isolates in T. cruzi marinkellei branch and only one in T. dionisii branch. Studies on bat trypanosome diversity are important for identifying pathogenic species and for generating support for control measures, especially in such areas where humans inhabit the forest with close contact with bat species. In addition, this is the first study in Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns extractive reserve and further studies should be conducted to elucidate the role of these parasites as environmental degradation biomarkers.Keywords: Trypanosoma, Chiroptera, Amazon, phylogeny, taxonomy. ResumoTrypanosoma compreende flagelados capazes de infectar diversas espécies de mamíferos e são transmitidos por diferentes grupos de invertebrados. A ordem Chiroptera pode ser parasitada pelos subgêneros Herpetosoma, Schizotrypanum, Megatrypanum e Trypanozoon. Neste estudo é descrita a diversidade de tripanossomas de morcegos capturados na Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns, no Estado do Pará. Os tripanossomas de morcegos foram isolados através de hemocultura e os estudos filogenéticos baseados na região de barcode de tripanossomas (SSUrDNA V7V8 região variável). Foram capturados 111 morcegos pertencentes a três famílias (Emballonuridae, Molossidae e Phyllostomidae) e 12 espécies. A prevalência dos tripanossomas de morcegos, avaliada por hemocultura, foi de 9% para as culturas positivas e todas foram criopreservadas (100% de eficiência no isolamento). As árvores filogenéticas agruparam nove isolados no ramo de T. cruzi marinkellei e um único isolado de T. dionisii. Estudos sobre a diversidade de tripanossomas de morcegos são importantes para identificar espécies patogênicas e gerar suporte para medidas de controle, principalmente em áreas silvestres com contato entre as populações humanas e de morcegos. Além disso, este foi o primeiro estudo realizado na Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns e novos estudos devem ser conduzidos para elucidar o papel destes parasitas como marcadores de degradação ambiental.Palavras-chave: Trypanosoma,

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A new species of trypanosome, Trypanosoma desterrensis sp. n., isolated from South American bats

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Trypanosoma livingstonei: a new species from African bats supports the bat seeding hypothesis for the Trypanosoma cruzi clade

Trypanosoma livingstonei: a new species from African bats supports the bat seeding hypothesis for the Trypanosoma cruzi clade

An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach to a New Species Description in the Trypanosomatidae: the Case of Leptomonas podlipaevi n. sp., a Parasite of Boisea rubrolineata (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae)

Bat trypanosomes from Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve in Brazilian Amazon

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