A New Staphylococcal Enterotoxin, Enterotoxin F, Associated With Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates

Bergdoll, Merlin S.; Crass, Barbara A.; Reiser, Raoul F.; Robbins, Ruth N.; Davis, Jeffrey P.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)92186-3

Cited by 557 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Anti-SEF serum produced in our laboratory gave the same results as anti-SEF serum obtained from Professor M. S. Bergdoll, when used to detect the production of SEF by 20 strains. Bergdoll et al (1981) indicating that enterotoxins, particularly SEF, may be a cause of the signs and symptoms of TSS. In constrast with the findings of Bergdoll et al (1981) we found that a high percentage of strains isolated from clinical specimens not associated with TSS also produced SEF (42 % of the strains tested).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their investigations demonstrated a clear association between TSS and SSEF producing S. aureus strains. Schlievert et al (1981) found the productioni of a toxic protein called exotoxin C in 100 00 of the S. aureus strains isolated from patients with TSS. Since both toxins have a similar molecular weight and an equal iso-electric point they may be identical (Schlievert et al 1981;Bergdoll et al 1981). Bergdoll et al (1981) examined 62 S. aureus strains from clinical sources other than TSS and from foods and animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterotoxin production by strains ofStaphylococcus aureusisolated from clinical and non-clinical specimens with special reference to enterotoxin F and toxic shock syndrome

Nooij

Leeuwen

Notermans

1982

J. Hyg.

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SummaryEnterotoxin production by strainsof Staphylococcus aureusisolated from clinical specimens of human and animal origin and from healthy human carriers was investigated. All nine patients admitted to hospital with symptoms of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) yielded enterotoxin-producing strains ofS. aureus. Eight of these produced staphylococcal enterotoxin F (SEF). A significantly smaller proportion of strains (42% of 50 strains tested) isolated from other clinical specimens of hospitalized patients produced SEF. Production of SEF by strains isolated from clinical specimens of animal origin (48 strains) was not observed. Twenty-nine per cent of 24S. aureusstrains isolated from noses of hospital staff produced SEF. This result was not significantly different from that obtained from strains isolated from clinical specimens other than TSS. A similar percentage of strains isolated from healthy human carriers outside hospital produced SEF (25% of 24 strains tested).The results indicated that enterotoxin production, especially that of SEF. is associated withS. aureusisolated from patients suspected of TSS. There was no indication of an association betweenS. aureusisolated from other staphylococcal infections and SEF production.All strains were phage typed and 79%, of the strains belonging to the international phage-group I produced SEF. All strains lysed by phage 187 were found to produce SEF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterotoxin production by strains ofStaphylococcus aureusisolated from clinical and non-clinical specimens with special reference to enterotoxin F and toxic shock syndrome

Nooij

Leeuwen

Notermans

1982

J. Hyg.

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“…The results of this study can be discussed (1) in terms of the toxic shock syndrome and its boundaries, (2) in terms of the role of toxins in severe staphylococcal infections and (3) in terms of the biology of the phage groups, the main taxonomic subdivision of the human subspecies (biotype) of S. aureus. The first approach through TSS questions the diagnostic criteria of the syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of many cases of septic shock with a morbilliform rash, desquamation and multiple organ system failure related to a particular tampon used by young menstruating females in the United States [1] led finally to the recognition that a new toxin, TSST-1, sometimes known as SEF [2] or pyrogenic exotoxin C [3] was involved. The syndrome had already been recognized [4] but strict criteria were not established until the outbreak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterotoxins and toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 in non-enteric staphylococcal disease

Marples¹,

Wieneke

1993

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYOver the 7 years 1985-91, 997 strains of Staphylococcus aureus from 962 patients with diseases other than food poisoning have been tested for the production of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-I (TSST-1) and phage typed. In all, 128 cases could be classified as confirmed or probable toxic shock syndrome (TSS) but a further 199 cases were classified as possible or unconfirmed TSS. In 219 cases, an alternative diagnosis could be supported and 45 cases were classified as sudden infant death syndrome. In 371 cases, insufficient information for classification was available.Strains of phage group I producing TSST-1 were associated with menstrual TSS. Many menstrual TSS cases were aged less than 20 and were using nonintroducer tampons.When all strains were reviewed, strong associations were observed between

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“…Two S. aureus toxins, enterotoxin F (Bergdoll et al 1981), recently named toxic shock toxin (TST) (Reiser et al 1983), and pyrogenic exotoxin C (Schlievert et al 1981) have been isolated from TSS patients' strains, both are thought to have a role in the aetiology of the sickness. Since these two toxins have almost similar characteristics they are considered to be the same toxin (Bonventre et al 1983; (Abadie et al 1981;Rapin, Denfert & Cabane, 1981;Granthil, Dumont & Brun 1982;Letellier et al 1982;Rouffineau et al 1982;Floret et al 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on staphylococci from toxic shock syndrome in France, 1981–1983

Melconian¹,

Fleurette²,

Brun³

1985

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYStaphylococci from 22 cases of toxic shock syndrome with onsets between 1981 and March 1983 have been studied. Another four cases were detected by abstract surveillance. Three of these patients died. The case histories show that the syndrome occurs in women during menstruation as well as in males and in children, and is associated with Staphylococcus aureus infections.The production of enterotoxins (A, B, C) and toxic shock toxin by S. aureus isolates from toxic shock syndrome was investigated. Twenty-two of the 23 isolates were found to be toxigenic: 7 produced enterotoxin A, 8 produced enterotoxin B, 3 produced enterotoxin C and 13 produced toxic shock toxin. The latter was found with enterotoxin A in five cases, and with enterotoxins A and B in only one case.Sixty-three percent of 46 S. aureus strains isolated from the vagina of patients with diseases other than toxic shock syndrome produced toxin; eight of these strains produced toxic shock toxin.

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A New Staphylococcal Enterotoxin, Enterotoxin F, Associated With Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates

Cited by 557 publications

References 25 publications

Enterotoxin production by strains ofStaphylococcus aureusisolated from clinical and non-clinical specimens with special reference to enterotoxin F and toxic shock syndrome

Enterotoxin production by strains ofStaphylococcus aureusisolated from clinical and non-clinical specimens with special reference to enterotoxin F and toxic shock syndrome

Enterotoxins and toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 in non-enteric staphylococcal disease

Studies on staphylococci from toxic shock syndrome in France, 1981–1983

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