A New Stationary Phase for Capillary Gas Chromatography: Calix[4]resorcinarene Functionalized with Imidazolium Cationic Units

An Amphiphilic Star-Shaped Polymer (Star-PEG-PCL2) used as a Stationary Phase for GC

“…Capillary gas chromatography (GC) has been widely used in petrochemical, pharmaceutical, environmental, biochemistry, food and other fields, while the stationary phase is the key of GC analysis because the separation performance and retention behavior of a capillary GC column mostly depend on the chromatographic features of its stationary phase. [1][2][3][4] Currently, polymers, [5][6][7][8] macrocyclics, [9][10][11][12] ionic liquids, 13,14 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), 15,16 and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) 17,18 have been reported as stationary phases for GC separations. It is worth noting that polymers are the most popular chromatographic stationary phases because of their excellent physicochemical properties such as good film-forming properties, chemical stability and easy modification.…”

The Preparation of Novel Amino Acid Imidazole Ionic Liquids and Their Application as Stationary Phase for Capillary Gas Chromatographic Separations

“…In recent years, with the development of materials chemistry and synthetic chemistry, the types of chromatographic stationary phases have been greatly expanded, such as MOFs, POFs, COFs, carbon nano-tubes, graphene, polymers and ionic liquids (ILs) have been studied as gas chromatographic stationary phases to separate mixtures of molecules. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] In these stationary phases, ILs have attracted great attention because of their good solubility, dual natural polarity, negligible vapor pressure, high viscosity, ease of preparation and reuse, low glass transition temperature. [31] In 1959, Barber et al first reported the use of ILs as gas chromatographic stationary phases, [32] Since then, ILs-based gas chromatography stationary phases have been greatly developed.…”

“…[58] Based on above considerations, in this work, a new class of amino acid imidazole ILs IL-3 and IL-4, (Scheme 1), which are easy to functionalize, have excellent stability, negligible vapor pressure, high viscosity, and have good solubility in common organic solvents, suitable for the study of GC stationary phase, was synthesized and used as stationary phase for capillary GC separations. 1 H NMR, MS were used to characterize [28] the IL-3, IL-4 composition and structure. Its separation performance was evaluated by employing a wide range of analytes and their structural, positional, electrical properties and cis-/trans-isomers.…”

Methodologies for the Derivatization of Resorcin[4]arenes at the Upper Rim ortho‐Positions

“…Finally, the cavity of the molecule is non-polar in nature and surrounded by the polar wide rim, a feature that equips resorcin [4]arenes for micellar behavior. [20,21] Looking at these properties it is not surprising that these compounds have found their way into a number of applications such as molecular receptor systems, [22,23] photo resists, [24,25] selective membranes, molecular sensing, [26,27] drug delivery, [28,29] ion channel mimics, [30] metal ion extraction agents, [31,32] molecular switches, [33,34] stationary phases in GC and HPLC, [35][36][37][38] ligands for organometallic catalysts, [39][40][41] host-guest chemistry, [14,42] and starting materials in synthesis of supramolecular compounds. [43] Several relatives of these molecules have been developed and studied such as the closely related cavitands, [44] carcerands and hemicarcerands; [45] also pyrogallol [4]arenes, [46] catechol [4]arenes, [47] pillar [4]arenes, [48] pyridin [4]arenes; [49] calix [4]arenes, [50] and other structurally similar compounds.…”