A new strategy to design a graphene oxide supported palladium complex as a new heterogeneous nanocatalyst and application in carbon–carbon and carbon‐heteroatom cross‐coupling reactions

Abstract

The palladium nanoparticles were successfully stabilized with an average diameter of 6–7 nm through the coordination of palladium and terpyridine‐based ligands grafted on graphene oxide surface. The graphene oxide supported palladium nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized and applied as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in carbon–carbon (Suzuki‐Miyaura, Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reactions) and carbon–heteroatom (C‐N and C‐O) bond‐forming reactions. The catalyst was simply recycled from the reaction mixture and was reused consecutive four times with small drop in catalytic activity.

Synthesis of Novel 6-Aryloxy-4-chloro-2-phenylpyrimidines as Fungicides and Herbicide Safeners

“…Target compounds 1–27 were prepared by the synthetic route outlined in Scheme . Compounds 1–27 were synthesized in N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) by one-pot reactions of fenclorim with substituted phenols in 32–75% yields in the presence of K 2 CO 3 as a base …”

“…Compounds 1− 27 were synthesized in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) by one-pot reactions of fenclorim with substituted phenols in 32− 75% yields in the presence of K 2 CO 3 as a base. 52 The chemical structures of target compounds were characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS spectroscopies. Here, compound 11 was selected as the model compound.…”

“…A modified procedure was used for the synthesis of target compounds 1–27 ( Scheme 2 ). 52 First, fenclorim (4.4 mmol, 1.00 g) and anhydrous K 2 CO 3 (8.8 mmol, 1.22 g) were dissolved in DMF (30 mL). Substituted phenols (4.4 mmol) were added in a dropwise manner into the mixed solution and then stirred at 60 °C for 4 h followed by cooling down, pouring into water, and filtering to yield crude products as residue.…”

Water-Dispersible Pd–N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Immobilized on Magnetic Nanoparticles as a New Heterogeneous Catalyst for Fluoride-Free Hiyama, Suzuki–Miyaura and Cyanation Reactions in Aqueous Media

“…Biaryl functionalities are present in a wide range of therapeutic classes, including antifungal, antiinflammatory, antirheumatic, antitumor, and antihypertensive agents. 32,33 For instance, biaryl segment is the core structure of a number of drugs such as diflunisal (antipyretic non-steroidal antiinflammatory), felbinac (anti-inflammatory) and fenbufen 3 (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory) (Scheme 4). 30,67,68 Several synthetic protocols have been introduced for the construction of functionalized biaryls, 69,70 with most of them relying on the C−C cross-coupling reactions.…”

“…[29][30][31] One of the most common processes for the synthesis of biaryls involves the palladium-catalyzed Hiyama and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl halides with aryl siloxanes and aryl boronic acids, respectively. 32,33 The notable advantages of using aryl boronic acids and organosilane reagents contrast with the drawbacks of Negishi, Stille, and Kumada-Corriu coupling reactions. 34,35 In Hiyama coupling reactions, organosilanes require fluoride ions for their activation 36,37 or even inorganic bases such as KOH and NaOH in an aqueous solution.…”