A new study of the brain of the predatory dinosaur Tarbosaurus bataar (Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae)

Saveliev, S. V.; Alifanov, V. R.

doi:10.1134/s0031030107030070

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…22). This observation agrees with that of Brochu (2002) and contra the interpretation of Saveliev and Alifanov (2007). The prootic fossa also contains a pair of small pneumatic foramina associated with the rostral tympanic sinus, which invests the bone surrounding the fossa.…”

Section: Dermal Roof Frontalsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…There is no evidence that the rostral middle cerebral vein pierced the laterosphenoid of IGM 100/1844 through an independent canal as described for other tyrannosauroids (Witmer and Ridgely, 2009; identified as the trochlear nerve in Saveliev and Alifanov, 2007). The vein may have exited the braincase in a more caudal position (through the foramen positioned above the prootic fossa described above).…”

Section: Dermal Roof Frontalmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…3). The peak in this specimen and IGM 100/1844 likely reflects a hypertrophied confluence of the dorsal longitudinal and transverse sinuses and not the cerebellum as suggested by Saveliev and Alifanov (2007) or the pineal body as concluded for some non-coelurosaurian theropods (Sampson and Witmer, 2007;see Witmer and Ridgely, 2009).…”

Section: Cranial Endocast and Osseous Labyrinth Endocranial Orientatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The olfactory bulbs, previously thought to fill this fossa (e.g., Horner and Dobb, 1997;Brochu, 2000Brochu, , 2003, were restricted to the region of the midline scars (Ali et al, 2008;Zelenitsky et al, 2009). The presence of vomeronasal organs within this space (Saveliev and Alifanov, 2007) is an unjustified inference for tyrannosaurs or any crown archosaur (Witmer and Ridgely, 2010). There is no evidence of the bony laminae that descend from the frontal as olfactory turbinates in the juvenile tyrannosaurid skull CMNH 7951 (Witmer and Ridgely, 2010).…”

Section: Dermal Roof Frontalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The floccular cavity is distinctly larger than that of adult Tyrannosaurus and slightly larger than the same cavities of CMNH 7541 and ROM 1247 (Gorgosaurus). It compares most closely in size with the floccular cavity of PIN 553-3/1 (Tarbosaurus) (identified as the root of cranial nerve VIII by Saveliev and Alifanov, 2007; see also Witmer and Ridgely, 2009). In agreement with other tyrannosaurids and non-coelurosaurian theropods, the floccular cavity of IGM 100/1844 is tabular in shape, contrasting with the tubular flocculus of other coelurosaurs (Witmer and Ridgely, 2009).…”

Section: Cranial Endocast and Osseous Labyrinth Endocranial Orientatimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Braincase Anatomy of the Late Cretaceous DinosaurAlioramus(Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Bever

Brusatte

Carr

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

115

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Section: Dermal Roof Frontalsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Dermal Roof Frontalmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Cranial Endocast and Osseous Labyrinth Endocranial Orientatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dermal Roof Frontalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cranial Endocast and Osseous Labyrinth Endocranial Orientatimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Braincase Anatomy of the Late Cretaceous DinosaurAlioramus(Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

Bever

Brusatte

Carr

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

115

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New Insights Into the Brain, Braincase, and Ear Region of Tyrannosaurs (Dinosauria, Theropoda), with Implications for Sensory Organization and Behavior

Witmer¹,

Ridgely²

2009

The Anatomical Record

654

480

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The braincase region of tyrannosaurs was investigated to provide insights on anatomical attributes relevant to inferences of sensory biology and behavior. CT scanning focused on three specimens of Tyrannosaurus rex, a juvenile Gorgosaurus, and the controversial Cleveland skull (CMNH 7541). Analysis shows that the cerebral hemispheres were enlarged, but conflicting information on the optic lobes suggests that brain conformation was not fully avian. Previous estimates of olfactory bulb size for T. rex were much too large, but even the corrected sizes are relatively larger than other theropods, suggesting that odor detection was indeed of particular importance to tyrannosaurs. The inner ears show a number of coelurosaurian traits, such as elongate and rounded and rostral, lateral semicircular canals, and incipient twisting of the common crus, which we interpret to be related to enhanced reflexes coordinating rapid eye and head movements. The cochlea is elongate, which, coupled with the finding of extensive tympanic pneumaticity, supports the inference of behavioral emphasis of low-frequency sounds. Three main groups of sinuses pneumatized the braincase, and there are a number of perhaps systematically relevant differences. Orientation of the endosseous labyrinth reveals that alert head postures of T. rex and Gorgosaurus were somewhat depressed below the horizontal, but the Cleveland skull had a very strongly down-turned posture. It is concluded that tyrannosaur sensory biology is consistent with their predatory coelurosaurian heritage, with emphasis on relatively quick, coordinated eye and head movements, and probably sensitive low-frequency hearing; tyrannosaurs apomorphically enhanced their olfactory apparatus. The taxonomic status of the Cleveland skull remains unresolved. Anat Rec, 292:1266Rec, 292: -1296Rec, 292: , 2009. V V C 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Endocranial Anatomy of Lambeosaurine Hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): A Sensorineural Perspective on Cranial Crest Function

Evans

Ridgely

Witmer

2009

The Anatomical Record

187

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Brain and nasal cavity endocasts of four corythosaurian lambeosaurines (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) were investigated to test hypotheses of cranial crest function related to sensorineural systems. Endocasts were generated through computed tomography and three-dimensional rendering and visualization software. The sample comprises a range of ontogenetic stages from the taxa Lambeosaurus, Corythosaurus, and Hypacrosaurus. Results show that the morphology of brain endocasts differs little from that of hadrosaurines. The strikingly convoluted nasal vestibule of Hypacrosaurus altispinus, when interpreted in the context of lambeosaurine phylogeny, suggests selective pressure for nasal cavity function independent from changes in the external shape of the crest and associated visual display function. The plesiomorphically small olfactory bulbs and apparently small olfactory region of the nasal cavity argues against the hypothesis that increased olfactory acuity played a causal role in crest evolution. The elongate cochlea of the inner ear reveals that hearing in lambeosaurines emphasized low frequencies consistent with the hypothesized low-frequency calls made by the crests under the resonation model of crest function. The brain is relatively large in lambeosaurines compared with many other large dinosaurs, and the cerebrum is relatively larger than that of all non-hadrosaurian ornithischians and large theropods, but compares favorably with hadrosaurine hadrosaurids as well as some maniraptoran theropods. It is concluded that the large brains of lambeosaurines are consistent with the range of social behaviors inferred when the crest is interpreted as an intraspecific signaling structure. Anat Rec, 292:1315Rec, 292: -1337Rec, 292: , 2009. V V C 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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A new study of the brain of the predatory dinosaur Tarbosaurus bataar (Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae)

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

The Braincase Anatomy of the Late Cretaceous DinosaurAlioramus(Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

The Braincase Anatomy of the Late Cretaceous DinosaurAlioramus(Theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

New Insights Into the Brain, Braincase, and Ear Region of Tyrannosaurs (Dinosauria, Theropoda), with Implications for Sensory Organization and Behavior

Endocranial Anatomy of Lambeosaurine Hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): A Sensorineural Perspective on Cranial Crest Function

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