A new submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor (SMPR) for fulvic acid removal using a nano-structured photocatalyst

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a process of great potential for pollutant abatement and waste treatment. In order to improve the overall performance of the photoprocess, heterogeneous photocatalysis is being combined with physical or chemical operations, which affect the chemical kinetics and/or the overall efficiency. This review addresses the various possibilities to couple heterogeneous photocatalysis with other technologies to photodegrade organic and inorganic pollutants dissolved in actual or synthetic aqueous effluents. These combinations increase the photoprocess efficiency by decreasing the reaction time in respect to the separated operations or they decrease the cost in respect of heterogeneous photocatalysis alone, generally in terms of light energy. Depending on the operation coupled with heterogeneous photocatalysis, two categories of combinations exist. When the coupling is with ultrasonic irradiation, photo-Fenton reaction, ozonation, or electrochemical treatment, the combination affects the photocatalytic mechanisms thus improving the efficiency of the photocatalytic process. When the coupling is with biological treatment, membrane reactor, membrane photoreactor, or physical adsorption, the combination does not affect the photocatalytic mechanisms but it improves the efficiency of the overall process. The choice of the coupling is related to the type of wastewater to be treated. A synergistic effect, giving rise to an improvement of the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, has been reported in the literature for many cases.

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“…Fu et al [121] investigated the possibility of coupling photocatalysis and membranes for the degradation of fulvic acid.…”

Section: Membrane Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

The combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis with chemical and physical operations: A tool for improving the photoprocess performance

Augugliaro

Litter

Palmisano

et al. 2006

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Re

427

180

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“…For example, it is widely accepted that the trihalomethane (THM), one of the disinfection by-products, can be generated from chlorination stage in drinking water treatment when raw water contains NOM [3,4]. In Tianjin, a major city in northern China, it was reported that fulvic acid represents over 70% of NOM in surface waters [5]. Thus, proper control of fulvic acid is a very important issue during the surface water treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of fulvic acid using response surface methodology

Zhao

2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

134

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Publication informationJournal of Hazardous Materials, 144 (1-2): 499-505 Publisher ElsevierLink to online version http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.10.071Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/3175 Publisher's statement þÿ T h i s i s t h e a u t h o r s v e r s i o n o f a w o r k t h a t w a s a c c e p t e d f o r p u b l i c a t i o n i n J o u r n a l o fHazardous Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, Abstract: In this paper, statistics-based experimental design with response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the effect of operation conditions on photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of fulvic acid (FA) using a Ti/TiO 2 electrode in a photoreactor. Initially, the Box-Behnken design was employed including the three key variables (initial pH, potassium peroxodisulphate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ) and bias potential). Thereafter, the mutual interaction and effects between these parameters and optimum conditions were obtained in greater detail by means of SAS and Matlab software. The results of this investigation reveal that: (1) the regression analysis with R 2 value of 0.9754 shows a close fit between the experimental results and the model predictions; (2) three-dimension response surface plot can provide a good manner for visualizing the parameter interactions; and (3) the optimum pH, K 2 S 2 O 8 and bias potential is found to be 3.8, 88.40mg/L, 0.88V respectively and the highest FA removal efficiency of 57.1% can be achieved.

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“…As shown in Figure 10, a typical lab-scale integrative PMR was applied for fulvic acid removal [73]. The Plexiglas reactor possessed an effective working volume of 3.2 L. In order to avoid the damages to the membrane module caused by UV irradiation, a light baffle was applied to separating the reactor into two regions: the photocatalytic region and the membrane region.…”

Section: Integrative-type Pmrs With Suspended Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors (PMRs) in Water Treatment: Configurations and Influencing Factors

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The lack of access to clean water remains a severe issue all over the world. Coupling photocatalysis with the membrane separation process, which is known as a photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR), is promising for water treatment. PMR has developed rapidly during the last few years, and this paper presents an overview of the progress in the configuration and operational parameters of PMRs. Two main configurations of PMRs (PMRs with immobilized photocatalyst; PMRs with suspended photocatalyst) are comprehensively described and characterized. Various influencing factors on the performance of PMRs, including photocatalyst, light source, water quality, aeration and membrane, are detailed. Moreover, a discussion on the current problems and development prospects of PMRs for practical application are presented.

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A new submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor (SMPR) for fulvic acid removal using a nano-structured photocatalyst

Cited by 141 publications

References 14 publications

The combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis with chemical and physical operations: A tool for improving the photoprocess performance

The combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis with chemical and physical operations: A tool for improving the photoprocess performance

Optimising photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of fulvic acid using response surface methodology

Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors (PMRs) in Water Treatment: Configurations and Influencing Factors

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