A new tribe of fossil digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) from the Upper Cretaceous New Jersey amber and its place in the subfamily Pemphredoninae

Abstract

A new tribe of digger wasps, Rasnitsynapini trib.n. (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae, Pemphredoninae), which includes the only known genus and species Rasnitsynapus primigenius gen. et sp.n., is described from the Upper Cretaceous New Jersey amber. The most distinctive characters of the new tribe include complete wing venation, non-elongate first gastral segment without separated sternal petiole, and absence of psammophores, digging tarsal rakes, and pygidial plate. The new tribe occupies a basal position in the phylogenetic tree of the subfamily Pemphredoninae and also represents a sister group to the tribe Spilomenini which is separated from the tribe Pemphredonini. The extinct genus Palanga Budrys is placed within a new tribe, Palangini trib.n. A list of extinct and extant genera of the subfamily Pemphredoninae and a scheme of their probable phylogenetic relationships are proposed. ÐÅÇÞÌÅ. Èç âåðõíåìåëîâîãî ÿíòàðÿ Íüþ-Äaeåðñè îïèñàíà íîâàÿ òðèáà ðîþùèõ îñ Rasnitsynapini trib.n. (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae, Pemphredoninae), âêëþ÷àþùàÿ îäèí ðîä è âèä Rasnitsynapus primigenius gen. et sp.n. Íàèáîëåå ÷åòêèìè äèàãíî-ñòè÷åñêèìè ïðèçíàêàìè íîâîé òðèáû ÿâëÿþòñÿ ïîëíîå aeèëêîâàíèå êðûëüåâ, íåóäëèíåííûé 1-é ñåãìåíò áðþøêà áåç îáîñîáëåííîãî ñòåðíàëüíîãî ñòåáåëüêà è îòñóòñòâèå ïñàììîôîðîâ, êîïàòåëüíûõ ãðåáíåé íà ëàïêàõ è ïèãèäèàëüíîãî ïîëÿ. Íîâàÿ òðèáà çàíèìàåò áàçàëüíîå ïîëîaeåíèå â ôèëîãåíå-òè÷åñêîì äðåâå ïîäñåìåéñòâà Pemphredoninae, à òàêaeå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñåñòðèíñêîé ãðóïïîé òðèáû Spilomenini, âûäåëåííîé èç ñîñòàâà òðèáû Pemphredonini. Âûìåðøèé ðîä Palanga Budrys ïîìåùåí â íîâóþ òðè-áó Palangini trib.n. Ïðåäëîaeåí ñïèñîê ñîâðåìåííûõ è èñêîïàåìûõ ðîäîâ ïîäñåìåéñòâà Pemphredoninae è ñõåìà èõ âåðîÿòíûõ ôèëîãåíåòè÷åñêèõ îòíîøåíèé.

Evolution and systematics of the Aculeata and kin (Hymenoptera), with emphasis on the ants (Formicoidea: †@@@idae fam. nov., Formicidae)

“…(III) Cranial: (10) the medialmost region of the hypostoma (cardinohypostomal, Figs. 5B); (11) the lateral regions of the hypostoma (stipitohypostomal, Figs. 5C); (12) the pleurostoma ("cranial acetabulum" or the posterior/ventral mandibular articulation, mandibulocranial, Figs.…”

“…Although the fossil record of the Late Cretaceous is far too sparse to provide a fine-grained picture of the paleodiversity of Formicoidea in the Ma leading to the crisis (Figs. 9,11), †Haidomyrmecinae and †Sphecomyrminae were able to persist at least into the Campanian (Barden 2017). The power of the fossil record for distinguishing "turnover" from "mass extinction" and "mass depletion" (e.g., Schachat & Labandeira 2021) is further limited by the scarcity of fossil material from the Paleocene (Barden 2017, Jouault 2021d).…”