A new two‐dimensional sonographic approach to the assessment of the fetal hard and soft palates

Frisová, V.; Cojocaru, Liviu; Turan, Shifa

doi:10.1002/jcu.22928

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The presence of both orbits and normal position and separation of the eyes should be checked (Figure 3c). Other anatomical landmarks, such as nose, nostrils, palate, maxilla, mandible, tongue [61][62][63] and ear position and size, may be assessed, but are not part of the routine mid-trimester examination 64 . Three-dimensional ultrasound may be a useful tool for examination of the fetal face 65 , although this is not part of the routine evaluation.…”

Section: Face Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

Salomon

Alfirević

Berghella

et al. 2022

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

223

159

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ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan Clinical Standards CommitteeThe International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) is a scientific organization that encourages sound clinical practice, and high-quality teaching and research related to diagnostic imaging in women's healthcare. The ISUOG Clinical Standards Committee (CSC) has a remit to develop Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements as educational recommendations that provide healthcare practitioners with a consensus-based approach, from experts, for diagnostic imaging. They are intended to reflect what is considered by ISUOG to be the best practice at the time at which they are issued. Although ISUOG has made every effort to ensure that Guidelines are accurate when issued, neither the Society nor any of its employees or members accepts liability for the consequences of any inaccurate or misleading data, opinions or statements issued by the CSC. The ISUOG CSC documents are not intended to establish a legal standard of care, because interpretation of the evidence that underpins the Guidelines may be influenced by individual circumstances, local protocol and available resources. Approved Guidelines can be distributed freely with the permission of ISUOG (

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Section: Face Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

Salomon

Alfirević

Berghella

et al. 2022

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

223

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…view and a mid-sagittal view of the fetal profile. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The anatomical landmarks that need to be identified are displayed in Figure 8.…”

Section: Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International guidelines have set the standard and recommendation in order to detect facial clefting, mandibular abnormalities, or other congenital malformations occurring in surrounding structures. This mainly relies on the visualization of the upper lip using a coronal or frontal view and a mid‐sagittal view of the fetal profile 20–28 . The anatomical landmarks that need to be identified are displayed in Figure 8.…”

Section: Second and Third Trimestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging: Clinical performance in the prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts and mandibular abnormalities

Tonni

Peixoto

Werner

et al. 2023

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Cleft lip, with or without cleft palate, is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly and the second most common birth defect worldwide. Micrognathia is a rare facial malformation characterized by small, underdeveloped mandible and frequently associated with retrognathia. Second‐ and third‐trimester prenatal ultrasound is the standard modality for screening and identification of fetal orofacial abnormalities, with a detection rate in the low‐risk population ranging from 0% to 73% for all types of cleft. The prenatal ultrasonography detection can also be performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. Given the potential limitations of obstetric ultrasound for examining the fetal face, such as suboptimal fetal position, shadowing from the surrounding bones, reduce amniotic fluid around the face, interposition of fetal limbs, umbilical cord and placenta, and maternal habitus/abdominal scars, the use of adjunct imaging modalities can enhance prenatal diagnosis of craniofacial anomalies in at‐risk pregnancies. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a potentially useful second‐line investigation for the prenatal diagnosis of orofacial malformations with a pooled sensitivity of 97%. In this review, we discuss the role of ultrasound and fetal MRI in the prenatal assessment of abnormalities of the upper lip, palate, and mandible.

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“…The goal of facial sonographic markers is to create normative, objective measures to assist in detection of OCs [39]. Imaging the secondary palate in its entirety with 2D ultrasound is challenging due to its dome shape and nearby ossification casting shadows [3 ▪▪ ,24,27,40,41]. To overcome this, some have advocated for 3D ultrasound [18,39,42–48].…”

Section: D Ultrasonographic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orofacial clefts (OCs), comprised of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL+/−P) and cleft palate without cleft lip (CP), are among the most common congenital anomalies [1,2,3 ▪▪ ,4]. While there is geographic, ethnic and sex variation [5–7], the most recent European prevalence data from registries between 2013 to 2019 indicates OCs occur in 12.86/10,000 live births.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the distinction between cleft lip and cleft palate: a critical step for successful prenatal detection

Minor

Chueh

2023

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Purpose of reviewOrofacial clefts (OCs) are among the most common congenital anomalies, however, prenatal detection of cleft palate without cleft lip (CP) remains low. CP is associated with a higher risk of associated structural anomalies, recurrence risk and genetic aberrations. There is opportunity to optimize prenatal diagnosis, counseling and diagnostic genetic testing for OCs.Recent findingsImproving prenatal diagnosis of CP requires understanding that embryologically, the secondary palate develops from the 6th to the 10th week and fuses with the primary palate by the 12th week. Multiple first, second and third trimester 2D ultrasonographic markers for OCs have been described including the maxillary gap, frontal space, maxilla-nasion-mandible angle, retronasal triangle, palatino-maxillary diameter, equal sign, nonvisualization or gap in the soft to hard palate interface and loss of the superimposed line. We discuss the technique, evidence and limitations of each.SummaryPrenatal detection of OC can be optimized by employing 2D sonographic markers. Prenatal detection of CP may be improved by recognizing its high association with retrognathia/micrognathia.

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A new two‐dimensional sonographic approach to the assessment of the fetal hard and soft palates

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): performance of the routine mid‐trimester fetal ultrasound scan

Ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance imaging: Clinical performance in the prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts and mandibular abnormalities

Understanding the distinction between cleft lip and cleft palate: a critical step for successful prenatal detection

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