A New Type Breaker Forming a Giant Jet and its Decaying Properties

Relationships of Plunging Jet Size to Kinematics of Breaking Waves with Spray and Entrained Air Bubbles

“…Hence, we discuss the processes of the two-dimensional domain through laboratory experiments and numerical computations generating three types of breakers with largely different jet size, that is, spilling, plunging and composite breakers (Yasuda et al, 1996) on reefs. Then, we evaluate the importance of plunging jet in the processes and the relationships of the jet size to the characteristic values of spray, entrained air bubbles, vortices and wave height decay.…”

Numerical Simulations of Waves Breaking over a Rectangular Submerged Reef Consisting of a Double Step: Analogies with massive Natural Wave Breaking over Abrupt Bathymetries

“…Therefore, the authors speculated this particular double-step reef configuration could have led to the development of a new wave control system utilizing a composite breaker. But, Yasuda et al [55] indicated that this phenomenon of multiple crests interaction was already been observed by Cooker et al [8]. The study of the latter involved a solitary wave propagating in a 70 m long channel with a single submerged cylindrical bump of semicircular cross-section, placed at the bottom parallel to the incident wave crest.…”

“…Therefore, as a start on wave breaking investigation with a more recent version of the numerical tool and newer numerical developments [11], Yasuda's configuration was one of the first to come to mind because we successfully experienced this configuration in the past and many geometric characterizations could be found for comparisons (plunging jet lengths and thicknesses, angles, surface profiles, velocity and acceleration fields, etc.). Some more research led us to find an older version of the same authors' work [55]. While the more recent version of their work [53] involved a single step reef, interestingly, [55] previously included the use of a reef consisting in a double step, leading to the formation of what was identified as a "new breaker type", consisting in what the authors called a "composite breaker" which particular characteristics was the formation of a "giant plunging jet".…”

“…Some more research led us to find an older version of the same authors' work [55]. While the more recent version of their work [53] involved a single step reef, interestingly, [55] previously included the use of a reef consisting in a double step, leading to the formation of what was identified as a "new breaker type", consisting in what the authors called a "composite breaker" which particular characteristics was the formation of a "giant plunging jet". They analyzed the efficiency of this new breaker type to dissipate energy, as the massive plunging jet subsequently entrapped more air [54,55].…”

“…While the more recent version of their work [53] involved a single step reef, interestingly, [55] previously included the use of a reef consisting in a double step, leading to the formation of what was identified as a "new breaker type", consisting in what the authors called a "composite breaker" which particular characteristics was the formation of a "giant plunging jet". They analyzed the efficiency of this new breaker type to dissipate energy, as the massive plunging jet subsequently entrapped more air [54,55]. Such a breaker was not known nor described before and was supposed to excite strong turbulence by its subsequent impact at the plunge point and cause remarkable dissipation due to larger quantities of air entrapped.…”