A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research

Engel, Kathrin M.; Prabutzki, Patricia; Leopold, Jenny; Nimptsch, Ariane; Lemmnitzer, Katharina; Vos, D. R. N.; Hopf, Carsten; Schiller, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 354 publications

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“…MALDI is typically used in analyzing polar molecules (such as DNA, peptides and, most typically, proteins), and there is only a handful of papers dealing with the MALDI analysis of lipids [ 4 ]. As in our original paper [ 1 ], we will discuss the most relevant lipid classes according to their complexity, i.e., we will start with FFA and end with complex glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids (called phospholipids (PL)).…”

Section: Which Matrix Is Most Suitable For Individual Lipid Classes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the vacuum stability of the matrix is even more important since MALDI MSI experiments take much more time than the acquisition of a conventional MALDI spectrum. For further details, please check the recently published reviews (for instance, [ 4 , 12 , 17 ]) or some textbooks with a focus on MSI (e.g., [ 18 ]).…”

Section: Which Matrix Is Most Suitable For Individual Lipid Classes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further details about analytical approaches in the lipidomics field are available in, e.g., the recently published review by Han and Gross [ 3 ]. Papers with a focus on MALDI-MS are also available and are continuously updated [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Five-Year Update on Matrix Compounds for MALDI-MS Analysis of Lipids

et al. 2023

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) is a widely used soft-ionization technique of modern mass spectrometry (MS). MALDI enables the analysis of nearly all chemical compounds—including polar and apolar (phospho)lipids—with a minimum extent of fragmentation. MALDI has some particular advantages (such as the possibility to acquire spatially-resolved spectra) and is competitive with the simultaneously developed ESI (electrospray ionization) MS. Although there are still some methodological aspects that need to be elucidated in more detail, it is obvious that the careful selection of an appropriate matrix plays the most important role in (lipid) analysis. Some lipid classes can be detected exclusively if the optimum matrix is used, and the matrix determines the sensitivity by which a particular lipid is detected within a mixture. Since the matrix is, thus, crucial for optimum results, we provide here an update on the progress in the field since our original review in this journal in 2018. Thus, only the development during the last five years is considered, and lipids are sorted according to increasing complexity, starting with free fatty acids and ending with cardiolipins and phosphoinositides.

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Section: Which Matrix Is Most Suitable For Individual Lipid Classes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Which Matrix Is Most Suitable For Individual Lipid Classes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Five-Year Update on Matrix Compounds for MALDI-MS Analysis of Lipids

et al. 2023

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“…With this technique, lipid extracts are separated based on their head group polarity using a stationary phase more commonly consisting of silica gel and an apolar solvent mobile phase [ 432 ]. The TLC plate is then stained to visualize the lipid bands, which can then either be excised for MALDI MS analysis following an additional lipid extraction protocol or analyzed directly using MALDI imaging [ 433 ]. Liquid chromatography-based MS (LC-MS) techniques are the most widely used of the indirect MS methods for lipid analysis [ 434 , 435 ].…”

Section: Exosomes: a Source Of Tumor Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Exosome Cargoes Contain Functionally Diverse Cancer Biomarkers: From Biogenesis and Function to Purification and Potential Translational Utility

Mitchell

Carter

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Although diagnostic and therapeutic treatments of cancer have tremendously improved over the past two decades, the indolent nature of its symptoms has made early detection challenging. Thus, inter-disciplinary (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic) research efforts have been focused on the non-invasive identification of unique “silver bullet” cancer biomarkers for the design of ultra-sensitive molecular diagnostic assays. Circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CTCs and ctDNAs, which are released by tumors in the circulation, have already demonstrated their clinical utility for the non-invasive detection of certain solid tumors. Considering that exosomes are actively produced by all cells, including tumor cells, and can be found in the circulation, they have been extensively assessed for their potential as a source of circulating cell-specific biomarkers. Exosomes are particularly appealing because they represent a stable and encapsulated reservoir of active biological compounds that may be useful for the non-invasive detection of cancer. T biogenesis of these extracellular vesicles is profoundly altered during carcinogenesis, but because they harbor unique or uniquely combined surface proteins, cancer biomarker studies have been focused on their purification from biofluids, for the analysis of their RNA, DNA, protein, and lipid cargoes. In this review, we evaluate the biogenesis of normal and cancer exosomes, provide extensive information on the state of the art, the current purification methods, and the technologies employed for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic evaluation of their cargoes. Our thorough examination of the literature highlights the current limitations and promising future of exosomes as a liquid biopsy for the identification of circulating tumor biomarkers.

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“…18,19 This is due to both the relative ease of ionization of several common lipid classes as well as the central role of lipid metabolism in countless biological processes and diseases. 20,21 MALDI analysis is conventionally performed under vacuum; however, atmospheric pressure (AP) arrangements are also used, 22,23 having advantages including ease of sample exchange and a broader tolerance for analysis of volatile analytes and vacuum incompatible samples. In the context of lipid analysis, AP-MALDI approaches can also be advantageous for labile lipid species, such as gangliosides, that show reduced in-source fragmentation when ionized at AP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Lipids using MALDI Coupled with Plasma-Based Post-Ionisation on a Trapped Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometer

Michael

Mutuku

Ucur

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Here we report the development and optimization of a mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) platform that combines atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization platform with plasma post-ionization (AP-MALDI-PPI) and trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS). We discuss optimal parameters for operating the source, characterize the behaviour of a variety of lipid classes in positive- and negative-ion modes and explore the capabilities for lipid imaging using murine brain tissue. The instrument generates high signal-to-noise for numerous lipid species, with mass spectra sharing many similarities to those obtained using laser post-ionization (MALDI-2). The system is especially well suited for detecting lipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as well as numerous sphingolipid classes and glycerolipids. For the first time, the coupling of plasma-based post-ionization with ion mobility is presented and we show the value of ion mobility for the resolution and and identification of species within rich spectra that contain numerous isobaric/isomeric signals that are not resolved in the m/z dimension alone, including isomeric PE and demethylated phosphatidylcholine lipids produced by in-source fragmentation. The reported instrument provides a powerful and user-friendly approach for MSI of lipids.

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A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research

Cited by 46 publications

References 354 publications

A Five-Year Update on Matrix Compounds for MALDI-MS Analysis of Lipids

A Five-Year Update on Matrix Compounds for MALDI-MS Analysis of Lipids

Circulating Exosome Cargoes Contain Functionally Diverse Cancer Biomarkers: From Biogenesis and Function to Purification and Potential Translational Utility

Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Lipids using MALDI Coupled with Plasma-Based Post-Ionisation on a Trapped Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometer

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