A new variety of Bacopa monnieri obtained by in vitro polyploidization

Abstract

Financial support: INTA project number 1837.Keywords: colchicine, flow cytometry, ornamental plants, Scrophulariaceae, tetraploid.Abbreviations: BAP: 6-benzyl amino purine DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide MS: Murashige and Skoog (1962) The commercial value of Bacopa monnieri, a widespread herbaceous plant in Argentina, can be substantially improved increasing its flower size by chromosome doubling with colchicine. MS supplemented with 0.25 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine proved to be an appropriate medium for the in vitro multiplication of nodal segments of B. monnieri. Polyploidization was achieved submerging nodal segments during 24 or 48 hrs in colchicine solution 0.001 and 0.01% P/V, in 1% DMSO. Segments submerged in water and in DMSO 1% aqueous solution were used as controls. DNA contents from recovered plants was measured and characterized and their phenotype described. Two tetraploid plants originated from independent events were detected. These plants showed significant differences in size and colour both in leaves and flowers compared to untreated controls.

In Vitro Enhancement of Bacoside in Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) Using Colchicine

“…Shoot initiation was due to the synergistic effect of BA (1.1 µM) and IBA (0.30 µM). These results agree with those reported previously by Escandón et al [15] with regards to shoot multiplication in nodal explants of Brahmi with the BA (0.25 mg/L). Similarly, Nagahatenna and Peiris [16] studied Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.…”

“…According to Lee and Phillips [25] and Hwang and Ko [26] such results might be due to the increase in chromosome numbers [27]. Similar results were observed by the Escandon et al [15], they reported the change of leaf and flower size of the Brahmi after treatment with Colchicine. Babil et al [28], Leva et al [6], Mujib [29] and Omidbaigi et al [30] also reported the effects of the colchicines on the leaf size of various plants.…”

“…It was found more than four folds to the in vitro regenerated Brahmi plants in the size in the regenerated shoots from 0.1% colchicine treatment were stunted and thinner compare to 0.2% colchicine treatment, that's why, there biomass was less than the 0.2% colchicine treatment. Escondon et al [15] observed morphological variations in colchicine treated in vitro regenerated B. monnieri plants. Also, Lindayani et al [35], Jala [36] and Vijayalakshmi and Singh [37] observed that the variations in concentration of colchicine and incubation period for treatment, the resulting plants showed varied characteristics.…”

Mitotic chromosome doubling of plant tissues in vitro

“…Many examples can be found in the literature. Chromosome doubling resulted in increased leaf thickness, increased width/length ratio of the leaves, darker green coloration and bigger flowers in Rhododendron (Paden et al 1990;Vaïnölä and Repo 2001), Spathiphyllum , Buddleja (Rose et al 2000a), Citrus (Wu and Mooney 2002;Zhang et al 2007), Zantedeschia (Cohen and Yao 1996) Punica granatum (Shao et al 2003), Bacopa (Escadon et al 2006), Rosa (Allum et al 2007;Kermani et al 2003), Pyrus communis (Sun et al 2009), andPhlox (Zhang et al 2008). Moreover, tetraploids of Rosa had a significantly higher number of petals per flower (Allum et al 2007;Kermani et al 2003), although tetraploid Rosa rugosa had fewer flowers per inflorescence than its diploid counterparts (Allum et al 2007).…”

Thin Cell Layer (TCL) Culture System for Herbal Biomass Production and Genetic Transformation of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> L. Wettst.

“…(Bacopa monniera, family Scrophulariaceae) is a well-documented herb in the traditional Ayurveda medical system attributed with medicinal properties improving cognition, such as memory retention, concentration, and learning [1]. Though Bacopa (locally known as Brahmi) is indigenous to India, it has been found in wild in countries as far away as Argentina [2]. In a few research communications, ecological status of this important herb in wild has been mentioned as endangered one [3].…”