A New Wireless Sensor for Intravenous Dripping Detection

Bustamante,; Bilbao, José Ramón; Solas,; Guarretxena,

doi:10.1109/sensorcomm.2007.4394893

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In recent years, several methods [1]- [16] have been developed to make the process of monitoring intravenous infusion easier both for the patients and clinicians. Although the overall purpose of these systems is to monitor the flow rate and raise a warning in case of any anomaly, the techniques used to develop these systems and the functionalities fulfilled by them are subject to considerable variation.…”

Section: Fig1 Techniques Used In Intravenous Infusion Monitoring Symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bustamante et al [16] devised a system to detect any occlusions in the catheter or to detect when the catheter is empty and reduces the need for clinical intervention. The objective was to develop location and routing algorithms for a sensor network.…”

Section: F Wireless Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C program was used to program the microprocessor. A double operational amplifier is also used to stabilize the reference tension and to amplify the variations in the tension value produced by a droplet [16].…”

Section: F Wireless Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey of Systems used in the Monitoring and Control of Intravenous Infusion

Keerthana¹,

S²,

M³

et al. 2019

IJET

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Intravenous (IV) therapy is a standard form of administration of fluids and drugs to those individuals for whom oral administration cannot be done. It is used for several purposes like transfusion of blood, to treat dehydration and to fix electrolyte imbalance. However, the IV setup used in hospitals requires constant monitoring of several parameters by the clinicians such as the flow rate and level of liquid in the IV bag. A failure to do so will result in several complications which can be difficult to deal with, especially in large clinical settings. To facilitate easier monitoring of the infusion process, several systems have been developed over the years. Although the overall purpose of these systems is to monitor the flow rate and raise a warning in case of any anomaly, the techniques used to develop these systems and the functionalities fulfilled by them are subject to considerable variation. In this survey, we discuss the various systems developed to monitor the intravenous infusion process. Keyword-Intravenous therapy, Backflow, Automatic locking, Flow Rate, IV tube I. INTRODUCTION Intravenous therapy is a form of treatment where essential fluids and drugs are passed into the body through the veins [1]. It is a routine method of infusion for individuals for ingestion of food or drugs is not possible. It is commonly used to tackle ailments leading to electrolyte imbalance, in the management of dehydration, fever, anaemia and also to administer chemotherapy [1], [2]. It is usually administered in the upper limbs due to an increased risk of thrombophlebitis during line placement in the lower limbs [3]. An intravenous (IV) setup consists of drip bottle, drip chamber, an IV tube and a roller clamp. The drip bottle is suspended from a stand at a height from the patient. The drip chamber is connected to the bottle at its' opening. The roller clamp enables the regulation of flow rate measured in drops per unit time. The infusion in the drip chamber reaches the patient as a result of the pressure difference between the drip chamber and the venous pressure [2]. Once the volume of liquid in the bottle goes below a certain level, the pressure is reversed causing backflow of blood into the capillary tube which has several adverse effects such as blockage of tube, loss of blood, swelling, infection hypothermia [4] and blood leakage [5]. Another severe effect is air embolism which is caused by emptying of the reservoir or any openings in the IV system [6] this causes an air lock in the pulmonary valve which restricts blood flow causing tissue hypoxia, reduced cardiac output and in extreme cases cause death. Other drawbacks of IV include contamination due to microbes and backflow of patient fluids and changes in the drip rate [2], [7], [8]. Changes in the infusion rate both ways can cause adverse effects. If the patient receives less fluid than needed, it can result in dehydration and metabolic imbalance. Otherwise, if more fluid reaches the patent, it can cause hypertension, electrolyte imbalance and metabolic disturba...

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Section: Fig1 Techniques Used In Intravenous Infusion Monitoring Symentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Wireless Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey of Systems used in the Monitoring and Control of Intravenous Infusion

Keerthana¹,

S²,

M³

et al. 2019

IJET

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“…These systems have focused on the infusion rate rather than the fluid level because an excessive flow rate of Ringer's solution is a serious risk to patients [10,11]. Therefore, most WRMA systems use ultrasound or a high-precision optical sensor to detect the dropping solution [12][13][14][15][16]. However, such droplet monitoring sensors are inefficient for detecting the solution level because of their high cost and large size [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Al-load-cell-based wireless ringer’s solution monitoring and alarm system: insight into vibrational error correction

Moon

Jang

2019

Biomed. Eng. Lett.

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In this study, we developed an aluminum-load-cell-based wireless Ringer's solution monitoring and alarm (WRMA) system. The Al load cell was designed with a rectangular shape, and the load was concentrated in the lower beam part of the load cell because of the anisotropic thickness. From the static analysis, we identified the appropriate location for a Wheatstone bridge circuit consisting of four strain gauges. In addition, the modal and harmonic analyses showed that the vibrational frequencies of the hospital environment do not seriously interfere with the output voltage of the Al load cell. However, random vibrations generated by the movement of the WRMA system on various surfaces severely increase the standard deviation of the measured solution weight by ± 10 g or more. Such vibrational error is too large because the average weight of Ringer's solution is 30-40 g at the time of replacing Ringer's solution. Thus, this error could be confusing for nurses and result in mistakes in the timely replacement of the Ringer's solution. However, the standard deviation of the measured weight was dramatically reduced to ± 3 g or less by using the vibration correction algorithm developed in the present study.

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