A new yellow mosaic disease of chayote in India

Chlorotic Curly Stunt: A Severe Begomovirus Disease of Bottle Gourd in Northern India

“…On the basis of biological and molecular characterization, we conclude that the virus associated with CCS of bottle gourd is a strain of ToLCNDV. ToLCNDV is emerging as a serious constraint in the production of cucurbits in India as it has been shown to cause severe diseases of bitter gourd [12], chayote [17], cucumber [22], winter squash [29], sponge gourd [30] and bottle gourd found in the present study.…”

“…Leaf curl of tomato was known to occur in India for nearly 60 years [37], but whitefly transmitted diseases of cucurbits were not serious concern until 1980s [34]. In recent years, however cucurbit-infecting begomoviruses [12,17,20,29,30] have emerged as a serious threat to cucurbit cultivation, particularly in northern India. As ToLCNDV, which seems to be the major cause of these diseases in northern India has been known for a long time to cause diseases in tomato and luffa but it did not move to the other cucurbits, which are traditionally grown in the summer months.…”

“…In the early sixties, yellow vein mosaic (YVM) disease of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) caused by a whitefly transmitted virus (apparently a begomovirus) was reported from central-western India. Since then, the diseases caused by begomoviruses have been reported in bitter gourd, chayote, cucumber, muskmelon, pumpkin and sponge gourd [17,20,22,30,34]. Many different begomoviruses infecting cucurbits have been reported from other countries such as Squash leaf curl Yunnan virus from China [39], Melon chlorotic leaf curl virus from Guatemala [3] Chayote yellow mosaic virus from Nigeria [33], ToL-CNDV from Thailand [26,27], Watermelon chlorotic curly stunt virus from Sudan and Iran [13], Squash leaf curl Philippines virus from the Philippines [14], Cucurbit leaf curl virus [2], Cucurbit leaf crumple virus [9], Squash leaf curl virus [8,16] and Squash mild leaf curl virus [4] from USA, and Luffa yellow mosaic virus from Vietnam [24].…”

Molecular Evidence for Occurrence of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in Ash Gourd (Benincasa hispida) Germplasm Showing a Severe Yellow Stunt Disease in India

“…It was reported for the first time in India from tomato and further its infectivity study demonstrated that both DNA-A and DNA-B are essential for symptom development [10]. ToLCNDV is known to infect tomato in India since nearly two decades, but during the last one decade, its host range has increased enormously to various crops such as potato [21], papaya [12], eggplant [11] okra [23] and several cucurbitaceous vegetables like bottle gourd, bitter gourd, cucumber, ivy gourd, long melon, pumpkin, ridge gourd and watermelon in northern India and chayote in north-western India [7,16,17,20]. In Pakistan, besides tomato, ToLCNDV was also reported on crops like chilli [5], bitter gourd [18], and on weed Eclipta prostrata [3].…”

Detection and characterization of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus association with mosaic disease of ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt) in North India

“…Analysis of the CR sequences of both DNA-Aand DNA-B-like sequences of the ivy gourd clones IVG1-ND and IVG2-Var revealed that they possessed more homology with an isolate of ToLCNDV infecting tomato, eggplant and potato. The IR contains a predicted stem-loop sequence with a conserved nonanucleotide sequence (TAATATTAC) in the loop, which can be found in the majority of geminiviruses characterized to date and marks the origin of virionstrand DNA replication [30,31].…”