A Non-Intrusive Pressure Sensor by Detecting Multiple Longitudinal Waves

Abstract

Pressure vessels are widely used in industrial fields, and some of them are safety-critical components in the system—for example, those which contain flammable or explosive material. Therefore, the pressure of these vessels becomes one of the critical measurements for operational management. In the paper, we introduce a new approach to the design of non-intrusive pressure sensors, based on ultrasonic waves. The model of this sensor is built based upon the travel-time change of the critically refracted longitudinal wave (LCR wave) and the reflected longitudinal waves with the pressure. To evaluate the model, experiments are carried out to compare the proposed model with other existing models. The results show that the proposed model can improve the accuracy compared to models based on a single wave.

Physical Sensors for Biomedical Applications

“…A detailed physical variables are listed in Table 1. The ultrasound waves emitted by transducer pass into the tissues and are detected using sensors to monitor health conditions without involving any invasive procedures [8,9]. The mechanical sensors rely on the mechanical vibrations, piezoresistive effect, capacitance, triboelectricity, and resistance.…”

Optimally Temperature Compensated FBG-Based Sensor Dedicated to Non-Intrusive Pipe Internal Pressure Monitoring

“…Diodati (1986) showed a linear dependence between the amplitude of an acoustic pulse propagating in a cylindrical vessel wall and its internal pressure, but also experienced a dependence on the compressibility of the fluid to monitor, making this measurement method unsuitable for general purpose on field. Zhou et al (2016) improved this technique thanks to propagation time measurements of multiple longitudinal waves propagating in the vessel wall, between several transducers located at precise positions along the pipe. But this technique also requires calibration in order to mitigate the temperature influence on pressure measurement.…”

“…Some of these solutions (Magne et al (2005); Zhou et al (2016)) also suffer from the approximation of the thin-shell theory, which is not accurate enough to describe the gradients inside the pipe wall (radial stress σ rr can typically range from 300 bar down to the atmospheric pressure over only a few centimeters in metallic pipes), nor the right strains values on pipe surface (recipes from materials' strength rules are very often the results of averaged calculations over pipe sections for the relevant parameters).…”