A non-invasive multi-technique investigation of Banqueting House Whitehall Rubens ceiling paintings

Vlachou-Mogire, Constantina; Moretti, Patrizia; Monico, Letizia; Chieli, Annalisa; Iwanicka, Magdalena; Targowski, Piotr; Detalle, Vincent; Bourguignon, Elsa; Laclavetine, Kilian; Mirambet, F.; Tong, Tong; Pinchin, S.

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2020.104797

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…The presence of Fe in the XRF spectrum (Fig. 2g), as already discussed, is due to a iron-based pigment, probably an ochre [34]. In the EDS spectrum registered on layer 3 (Fig.…”

Section: The Christ Of Zuccarello: Pigments and Inertssupporting

confidence: 66%

An integrated analytical approach for the characterization of repainted wooden statues dated to the fifteenth century

Fermo

Mearini²,

Bonomi³

et al. 2020

Microchemical Journal

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“…The presence of Fe in the XRF spectrum (Fig. 2g), as already discussed, is due to a iron-based pigment, probably an ochre [34]. In the EDS spectrum registered on layer 3 (Fig.…”

Section: The Christ Of Zuccarello: Pigments and Inertssupporting

confidence: 66%

An integrated analytical approach for the characterization of repainted wooden statues dated to the fifteenth century

Fermo

Mearini²,

Bonomi³

et al. 2020

Microchemical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pigments — Mercury-based red (cinnabar-vermilion) and white (calomel) and their degradation products

Gliozzo

2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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This article summarises the history of cinnabar, from its first uses in burials to modern oils on canvas. After a brief introduction on mercury and contamination issues, the article gets to the heart of the topic. First, mercury-based minerals significant for studying pigments, i.e. cinnabar, metacinnabar, hypercinnabar and calomel, are presented. Structural information and properties precede an overview of the geographic distribution of cinnabar deposits. The following section addresses the multiple uses of cinnabar, divided into funerary use, decorative use, lustre and Chinese lacquer production. The use of cinnabar for writing (ink), medicine and cosmetics is briefly described, and a shortlist of uncommon finds is further provided. The following section approaches inherent but less known topics such as cinnabar procurement, trade, production technology, application and alteration. An entire section is dedicated to calomel before concluding with an overview of the analytical methods for the characterisation and provenance investigation of cinnabar.

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Pigments—Lead-based whites, reds, yellows and oranges and their alteration phases

Gliozzo

Ionescu

2021

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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This review summarises the state-of-the-art of lead-based pigment studies, addressing their production, trade, use and possible alteration. Other issues, such as those related to the investigation and protection of artworks bearing lead-based pigments are also presented. The focus is mineralogical, as both raw materials and degradation products are mineral phases occurring in nature (except for very few cases). The minerals described are abellaite, anglesite, blixite, caledonite, challacolloite, cerussite, cotunnite, crocoite, galena, grootfonteinite, hydrocerussite, laurionite, leadhillite, litharge, macphersonite, massicot, mimetite, minium, palmierite, phosgenite, plattnerite, plumbonacrite, schulténite, scrutinyite, somersetite, susannite, vanadinite and an unnamed phase (PbMg(CO3)2). The pigments discussed are lead white, red lead, litharge, massicot, lead-tin yellow, lead-tin-antimony yellow, lead-chromate yellow and Naples yellow. An attempt is made to describe the history, technology and alteration of these pigments in the most complete manner possible, despite the topic's evident breadth. Finally, an insight into the analytical methods that can (and should) be used for accurate archaeometric investigations and a summary of key concepts conclude this review, along with a further list of references for use as a starting point for further research.

show abstract

A non-invasive multi-technique investigation of Banqueting House Whitehall Rubens ceiling paintings

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

An integrated analytical approach for the characterization of repainted wooden statues dated to the fifteenth century

An integrated analytical approach for the characterization of repainted wooden statues dated to the fifteenth century

Pigments — Mercury-based red (cinnabar-vermilion) and white (calomel) and their degradation products

Pigments—Lead-based whites, reds, yellows and oranges and their alteration phases

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