A nonlinear viscoelastic model of mucociliary clearance

Sedaghat, M. H.; George, Uduak Z.; Abouali, Omid

doi:10.1007/s00397-021-01274-4

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Numerical simulations were performed to obtain more details about the MCC process. Variations of the MCC process under the influence of drugs [1] and diseases [28], different mucus fluids [11,12,14,17,28,37,38], and cilia beating frequency [11,17,39,40] were investigated by researchers. The effects of cystic fibrosis were investigated by Chatelin et al [28] as a common disease numerically and experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of continuous and discrete boundary conditions on the movement of upper-convected maxwell and Newtonian mucus layers in coughing and sneezing

Modaresi

Shirani

2022

Eur. Phys. J. Plus

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Mucociliary clearance is an important phenomenon inside the respiratory system as a first defensive mechanism against pathogens. Therefore, any assumption considered for the mucociliary clearance and affects its functionality must be validated. The present research deals with the effects of boundary conditions on the movement of upper-convected Maxwell and high viscosity Newtonian mucus layers, numerically. Furthermore, the validity of replacing the viscoelastic mucus layer with a high viscosity Newtonian layer is evaluated. The airway surface liquid layer is considered a two-layer model including non-Newtonian mucus and Newtonian periciliary layers. Four cyclic boundary conditions are imposed at the mucus-periciliary interface as the cilia movement to obtain variations of mucociliary clearance. The upper boundary of the mucus layer is also exposed to different shear stress levels including free slip, cough, and sneeze conditions. By investigation of velocity variations inside mucus and periciliary layers, it is concluded the differences between viscoelastic and Newtonian mucus are not negligible. The maximum velocity differences between the two fluids are more than 52% and 215% during cough and sneeze, respectively. The results show there is a high order of dependency between the relaxation time and the imposed boundary conditions at the mucus-periciliary interface that leads to the invalidation of replacing two fluids with each other. Moreover, the results show substituting the viscoelastic mucus with a high viscosity Newtonian one depends on the mucus-periciliary interface boundary condition. If an independent time-varying boundary condition is used, the substitution leads to an error less than 7% under different shear stress levels. However, time-varying boundary condition shows 38% and 88% differences between high viscosity Newtonian and viscoelastic mucus layers. Furthermore, neglecting the recovery stroke leads to a velocity underestimation up to 50% by substituting viscoelastic mucus with a high viscosity Newtonian one. Therefore, replacing the viscoelastic mucus with a high viscosity Newtonian one is not acceptable for numerical simulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of continuous and discrete boundary conditions on the movement of upper-convected maxwell and Newtonian mucus layers in coughing and sneezing

Modaresi

Shirani

2022

Eur. Phys. J. Plus

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“…By modifying the incompressible Navier−Stokes equations, Sedaghat et al 245 Giesekus model to investigate the effects of cilia length, PCL layer depth, mucus layer depth, and CBF on mucociliary clearance. Chatelin et al 246 also investigated the effects of mucus shear thinning on its clearance in the respiratory tract using a mucus maturation model (or Carreau model, Figure 4b).…”

Section: Particle Transport Through Mclsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By modifying the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, Sedaghat et al used the five-mode nonlinear Giesekus constitutive equation to model the nonlinear viscoelastic property of static mucus. In this model, the nonlinear mobility term is critical to model the mucus shear thinning behavior and the second normal stress differential.…”

Section: Particle Transport Through Mclsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Static to Dynamic: A Review on the Role of Mucus Heterogeneity in Particle and Microbial Transport

Pednekar

Liguori

Marques

et al. 2022

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Mucus layers (McLs) are on the front line of the human defense system that protect us from foreign abiotic/biotic particles (e.g., airborne virus SARS-CoV-2) and lubricates our organs. Recently, the impact of McLs on human health (e.g., nutrient absorption and drug delivery) and diseases (e.g., infections and cancers) has been studied extensively, yet their mechanisms are still not fully understood due to their high variety among organs and individuals. We characterize these variances as the heterogeneity of McLs, which lies in the thickness, composition, and physiology, making the systematic research on the roles of McLs in human health and diseases very challenging. To advance mucosal organoids and develop effective drug delivery systems, a comprehensive understanding of McLs’ heterogeneity and how it impacts mucus physiology is urgently needed. When the role of airway mucus in the penetration and transmission of coronavirus (CoV) is considered, this understanding may also enable a better explanation and prediction of the CoV’s behavior. Hence, in this Review, we summarize the variances of McLs among organs, health conditions, and experimental settings as well as recent advances in experimental measurements, data analysis, and model development for simulations.

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“…The swaying movements of the motile cilia produce a metachronal wave. This wave play an important role in facilitating the MCC within the airways, allowing air clearance and supporting healthy airflow into the lungs, as evidenced by many studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Malfunctioning of the MCC system, either by cilia disorders or alterations to the physical characteristics of mucus, can result in inadequate particle transport and long-term damage to the lungs [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also used cutting-edge computational methods to address open issues in biology, anatomy, and MCC functioning. Sedaghat et al [9] developed a two-dimensional unsteady flow model to examine the MCC. They represented the ASL by the two-layered structure model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muco-ciliary flow with thermal and concentration analysis of Powell-Eyring fluid in the human airways

Ashraf,

Ali,

Shah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The thermal and concentration analysis of muco-ciliary transport in the human airways is important from a physiological perspective. This paper proposes a mathematical model of muco-ciliary two-layered fluid flow in a finite two-dimensional channel. The two-layered model is used because the human airways epithelium cell has both the periciliary liquid layer (PCL) and the airway ciliary layer (ACL). The Powell-Eyring fluidis used as an analogy for the viscoelastic mucus found in the airways. The formulated system of nonlinearpartial differential equations (PDEs) is first simplified by making use of low Reynolds number and longwavelength assumptions. The Adomian decomposition method is then used to solve the subsequent simplified system of nonlinear PDEs. The analysis focuses on the effects of important emerging parameters of interest on velocity, temperature, and concentration of ACL and PCL through graphs. The analysis also highlights the effects of relaxation time, viscous dissipation, and the rate of thermal diffusion. The results of this investigation showed that the suggested two-layered muco-ciliary model provides a better description ofmucus transport in the airways. The pressure gradient at the airways’ entrance shows a significant impacton the passage of mucus through the airways.

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A nonlinear viscoelastic model of mucociliary clearance

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Effects of continuous and discrete boundary conditions on the movement of upper-convected maxwell and Newtonian mucus layers in coughing and sneezing

Effects of continuous and discrete boundary conditions on the movement of upper-convected maxwell and Newtonian mucus layers in coughing and sneezing

From Static to Dynamic: A Review on the Role of Mucus Heterogeneity in Particle and Microbial Transport

Muco-ciliary flow with thermal and concentration analysis of Powell-Eyring fluid in the human airways

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