“…Common procedures are based on autocorrelations (Moran 1948;Ljung and Box 1978;Dufour and Roy 1985;Hong 2000), entropy measures (Robinson 1991;Hong and White 2005), rank-based dependence measures (Hallin, Ingenbleek, andPuri 1985, 1987;Hallin and Puri 1992;Ferguson, Genest, and Hallin 2000), empirical distribution functions (Skaug and Tjøstheim 1993;Delgado 1996;Ghoudi, Kulperger, and Rémillard 2001), empirical characteristic functions (Hong 1999;Bilodeau and Lafaye de Micheaux 2005), and empirical copulas (Genest and Rémillard 2004).…”