A Notch Filter for Ship Detection With Polarimetric SAR Data

Marino, Armando

doi:10.1109/jstars.2013.2247741

Cited by 139 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Ship detection and discrimination using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has been a topic of considerable interest in the recent years, and the increasing availability of multi-polarimetric high resolution SAR data has favored the emergence of new techniques for this application [1][2][3][4][5]. Classical approaches for discriminating ships from polarimetric SAR data (PolSAR) use polarimetric detectors, which are either based on specific polarimetric features, known to show a good contrast between ship and sea responses, or on fully polarimetric adaptive indicators of which the objective is to measure the discrepancy between the polarimetric response of a potential target and the one of its background, generally sampled in the surrounding area of the pixel under test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship Discrimination Using Polarimetric SAR Data and Coherent Time-Frequency Analysis

Ferro-Famil

Kuang

2013

Remote Sensing

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This paper presents a new approach for the discrimination of ship responses using polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data. The PolSAR multidimensional information is analyzed using a linear Time-Frequency (TF) decomposition approach, which permits to describe the polarimetric behavior of a ship and its background area for different azimuthal angles of observation and frequencies of illumination. This paper proposes to discriminate ships from their background by using characteristics of their polarimetric TF responses, which may be associated with the intrinsic nature of the observed natural or artificial scattering structures. A statistical descriptor related to polarimetric coherence of the signal in the TF domain is proposed for detecting ships in different complex backgrounds, including SAR azimuth ambiguities, artifacts, and small natural islands, which may induce numerous false alarms. Choices of the TF analysis direction, i.e., along separate azimuth or range axis, or simultaneously in both directions, are investigated and evaluated. TF decomposition modes including range direction perform better in terms of discriminating ships from range focusing artifacts. In comparison with original full-resolution polarimetric indicators, the proposed TF polarimetric coherence descriptor is shown to qualitatively enhance the ship/background contrast and improve discrimination capabilities. Using polarimetric RADARSAT-2 data acquired over complex scenes, experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of this approach in terms of ship location retrieval and response characterization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship Discrimination Using Polarimetric SAR Data and Coherent Time-Frequency Analysis

Ferro-Famil

Kuang

2013

Remote Sensing

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“…Additionally, we will use here COSMO-SkyMed data, which acquires at a different frequency band than Sentinel-1. The algorithm is based on the observation that ships exhibit a different polarimetric behaviour compared to the sea surface [3]. Specifically, the cross polarization channel and the ratio between cross-and co-polarizations (here referred to as depolarization ratio) increases.…”

Section: Dimensionless Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship detection with Cosmo-SkyMed PINGPONG data using the dual-pol ratio anomaly detector

Marino

Iervolino

2017

2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

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Extensive work has been carried out on detecting ships using space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems. However, the identification of small vessels is still challenging especially when the sea conditions are rough. In this work, a new detector is proposed based on dual-polarized incoherent SAR images. Small ships have a stronger cross polarization accompanied by a higher cross-over co-polarization ratio compared to sea. This is the rational at the base of the detector.The new detector is tested with dual-polarization HH/HV PINGPONG Cosmo-SkyMed images acquired over the North Sea. The test area is near Rotterdam where a large number of ships are expected.Index Terms-SAR, polarimetry, ship detection, COSMOSkyMed SAR POLARIMETRYBased on its polarization characteristics, a single target can be characterized using the scattering (Sinclair) matrix or equivalently a scattering vector k [1]. In the lexicographic basis system and in case of reciprocity and monostatic system, the scattering vector is k L = [HH, √ 2HV, V V ], where H stands for linear horizontal and V for linear vertical (therefore the HV image is obtained transmitting a linear vertical polarization and receiving the linear horizontal one). HH and V V are often referred to as co-channels and HV or V H are the cross-channels.

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“…According to the Bragg model, sea clutter has a very low (or even null) backscattering in the cross-channel, leading in many circumstances to an increased contrast. Several works deal with exploiting polarimetric information to improve the detection performance [42][43][44][46][47][48], but such a methodology is out of scope of this work, which is focused on understanding the potential of sub-look analysis.…”

Section: Sub-look Processing In the Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Ship Detection with Spectral Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Comparison of New and Well-Known Algorithms

et al. 2015

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The surveillance of maritime areas with remote sensing is vital for security reasons, as well as for the protection of the environment. Satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offers large-scale surveillance, which is not reliant on solar illumination and is rather independent of weather conditions. The main feature of vessels in SAR images is a higher backscattering compared to the sea background. This peculiarity has led to the development of several ship detectors focused on identifying anomalies in the intensity of SAR images. More recently, different approaches relying on the information kept in the spectrum of a single-look complex (SLC) SAR image were proposed. This paper is focused on two main issues. Firstly, two recently developed sub-look detectors are applied for the first time to ship detection. Secondly, new and well-known ship detection algorithms are compared in order to understand which has the best performance under certain circumstances and if the sub-look analysis improves ship detection. The comparison is done on real SAR data exploiting diversity in frequency and polarization. Specifically, the employed data consist of six RADARSAT-2 fine quad-polacquisitions over the North Sea, five TerraSAR-X HH/VV dual-polarimetric data-takes, also over the North Sea, and one ALOS-PALSAR quad-polarimetric dataset over Tokyo Bay. Simultaneously to the Remote Sens. 2015, 7 5417 SAR images, validation data were collected, which include the automatic identification system (AIS) position of ships and wind speeds. The results of the analysis show that the performance of the different sub-look algorithms considered here is strongly dependent on polarization, frequency and resolution. Interestingly, these sub-look detectors are able to outperform the classical SAR intensity detector when the sea state is particularly high, leading to a strong clutter contribution. It was also observed that there are situations where the performance improvement thanks to the sub-look analysis is not so noticeable.

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A Notch Filter for Ship Detection With Polarimetric SAR Data

Cited by 139 publications

References 27 publications

Ship Discrimination Using Polarimetric SAR Data and Coherent Time-Frequency Analysis

Ship Discrimination Using Polarimetric SAR Data and Coherent Time-Frequency Analysis

Ship detection with Cosmo-SkyMed PINGPONG data using the dual-pol ratio anomaly detector

Ship Detection with Spectral Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Comparison of New and Well-Known Algorithms

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