A Note on Optimum Cluster Estimation in LEACH Protocol

Roy, Nihar Ranjan; Chandra, P.

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2877704

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A centralised strategy to pick hop equipment was proposed by Roy et al [2]. When the sensor node is hybrid, entirely wireless but much less movable, or fully mobile with a known sensor position, centralised cluster generation can be used.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are independent ad-hoc networks which can sensor, process data and transmit various physical parameters to a user through the use of multihop communications [1]. They offer a versatile, independent, low-cost solution, particularly for places with limited accessibility, for a variety of distributed monitoring applications [2]. Given the difficulty of replacing batteries, WSNs must use efficient energy storage schemes to save energy for longer life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Integrated Signal Allocation Model with Effective Collision Resolution Model for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

Lalitha¹,

Reddy²

2021

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A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) differs from conventional wireless or wired networks in that it interacts with the environment. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) was investigated as a possible interface technology for making effective use of bandwidth. Such networks have been proposed for a variety of purposes such as search and rescue, disaster assistance, and smart positioning systems. These applications often require a large number of wireless sensors that are powered by batteries and are designed for long-term, human-free deployment. Collisions between network nodes can significantly degrade performance in WSNs. Although increased bandwidth facilitates wireless access to high data frequencies, it is prohibitively expensive to increase due to spectrum limits. This necessitates making good use of the available bandwidth. OFDM has been considered as a possible interface mechanism for efficiently utilising bandwidth. While many signals available in WSN technology can be employed to mitigate collisions, multi-signal allocations may have a significant impact on the efficiency of multistage communications. Real-time multimedia flow raises the chance of sensor network failures and congestion, which reduces the efficiency of Quality of Service (QoS). The main goal of the Signal Allocation Scheme is to allocate an appropriate number of signals to any node in order to use professional bandwidth and assure QoS. Load balancing is intended to measure and prevent collisions caused by the number of available slots in the frame. Preparation is another important component in preventing collisions because it decreases delay and optimises energy utilisation. In this paper, an Integrated Signal Allocation Model with Effective Collision Resolution Model (ICAM-ECR) is used to deploy non-overlapping signals dynamically for varying application loads based on expected bandwidth estimation. The suggested model is compared to standard methods, and the findings reveal that the proposed model outperforms existing models.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Signal Allocation Model with Effective Collision Resolution Model for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

Lalitha¹,

Reddy²

2021

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“…When the BS is close to the nodes, the energy dissipated follows the free space model (d2 power loss) [17]. Thus, the energy consumption of the CH per round is ECH=false(Nk−1false)∗m∗Eelec+Nk∗m∗EDA1.em+m∗Eelec+m∗εfs∗dtoBS2, where k is the number of clusters per round in the WSN, N/k is the average node of each cluster, EDA is the energy consumption of the CH receiving a message of 1 bit, and dtoBS2 denotes the expected squared distance between the CH and BS [12]. Without the loss of generality, the node ρfalse(x,yfalse) is distributed in an arbitrary-shaped region.…”

Section: Proposed Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cluster leader, called the cluster head (CH), is in charge of eliminating the correlated data that can decrease the final data volume. Afterwards, the CH will transmit the aggregated data to the BS [11,12,13]. In cluster-based routing protocols, SNs are divided into many clusters to decrease energy consumption for long distance communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Sensors

115

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Cluster-based hierarchical routing protocols play an essential role in decreasing the energy consumption of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) has been proposed as an application-specific protocol architecture for WSNs. However, without considering the distribution of the cluster heads (CHs) in the rotation basis, the LEACH protocol will increase the energy consumption of the network. To improve the energy efficiency of the WSN, we propose a novel modified routing protocol in this paper. The newly proposed improved energy-efficient LEACH (IEE-LEACH) protocol considers the residual node energy and the average energy of the networks. To achieve satisfactory performance in terms of reducing the sensor energy consumption, the proposed IEE-LEACH accounts for the numbers of the optimal CHs and prohibits the nodes that are closer to the base station (BS) to join in the cluster formation. Furthermore, the proposed IEE-LEACH uses a new threshold for electing CHs among the sensor nodes, and employs single hop, multi-hop, and hybrid communications to further improve the energy efficiency of the networks. The simulation results demonstrate that, compared with some existing routing protocols, the proposed protocol substantially reduces the energy consumption of WSNs.

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“…However, the traditional clustering algorithms (e.g., lowest ID [8], maximum node degree [9], and K -mean clustering [10]) cannot be directly applied to CRSNs because of operating on a fixed channel. The Low Energy Adaptive Hierarchy (LEACH) was a base line distributed clustering scheme for WSNs [11], [12]. Dealing with the dynamic channel change of CRSNs, a spectrum-aware clustering protocol termed as CogLEACH was designed based on LEACH [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spectrum-Aware Clustering Algorithm Based on Weighted Clustering Metric in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

et al. 2019

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Clustering organizes nodes into groups in order to enhance the connectivity and stability of cognitive radio sensor networks. Mainly depending on the channel availability, many existing spectrum-aware clustering algorithms may not achieve the most satisfactory clustering. Taking into account the various influence factors to establish the optimal clustering is a challenge to enhance the network performance. This paper proposes a novel spectrum-aware clustering algorithm based on weighted clustering metric to obtain the optimal clustering by solving an optimization model. The new weighted clustering metric, simultaneously evaluating temporal-spatial correlation, confidence level and residual energy, is used to elect clusterheads and ally member nodes. After clustering, the clusterheads sensing spectrum instead of all member nodes greatly reduces the energy consumption of spectrum sensing and increases the opportunity of data transmission. The performance comparison between the traditional spectrum-aware clustering algorithms and our proposed algorithm has been highlighted with the experiments. INDEX TERMSCognitive radio sensor networks, spectrum-aware clustering, weighted clustering metric, temporal-spatial correlation, confidence level.

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A Note on Optimum Cluster Estimation in LEACH Protocol

Cited by 31 publications

References 29 publications

An Integrated Signal Allocation Model with Effective Collision Resolution Model for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

An Integrated Signal Allocation Model with Effective Collision Resolution Model for Performance Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Networks

An Improved Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Spectrum-Aware Clustering Algorithm Based on Weighted Clustering Metric in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

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