A note on the description of pain and its causes

Boyd, David B.; Merskey, Harold

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(78)90019-2

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Depression, anxiety, and substance use all have been linked to pain intensity and each symptom exacerbates the other [10,11]. Individuals with chronic pain frequently present with comorbid mental health disorders, but this has been studied much less in those diagnosed with cancer and with cancer-related or non-cancer-related pain [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Consequences of Cancer and Non-Cancer-Related Pain in Those Diagnosed with Primary and Metastatic Cancers

Shah,

Geller,

Tohme

et al. 2023

Current Oncology

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Objectives: The aims of the study were to (1) describe types of pain in cancer patients, (2) examine the predictors and consequences of pain, (3) investigate the association between type of pain and survival, and (4) examine potential biological mediators of pain and survival. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of baseline data from patients diagnosed with cancer. Patients answered questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, pain, depression, sleep, and fatigue. Blood was collected and cytokine assays were performed. Analysis of variance, Kaplan–Meier, and Cox regression survival analyses were used to test the aims. Results: Of the 779 patients diagnosed with cancer, the mean age was 63.5 years, 57.8% male, and 90.6% White. Of those who reported pain (total 70.3%), 46.5% stated their pain was cancer-related while 53.5% stated their pain was non-cancer-related. While both cancer and non-cancer-related pain was associated with depressive symptoms, fatigue, and sleep duration, those with cancer-related pain had significantly higher rates of depressive symptoms (F(1,516) = 21.217, p < 0.001) and fatigue (F(1,516) = 30.973, p < 0.001) but not poorer sleep (F(1,497) = 0.597, p = 0.440). After adjusting for sociodemographic, disease-related characteristics, depression, sleep duration, and morphine milligram equivalent, patient reports of cancer-related pain were significantly associated with poorer survival (HR = 0.646, 95% CI = 0.459–0.910, p = 0.012) compared to those with non-cancer-related pain, which was not associated with survival (HR = 1.022, 95% CI = 0.737–1.418, p = 0.896). Cytokines did not significantly mediate the link between pain and survival. Conclusion: While nearly half of the pain reported was cancer-related, both types of pain resulted in greater symptom burden, but only cancer-related pain was associated with survival.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Consequences of Cancer and Non-Cancer-Related Pain in Those Diagnosed with Primary and Metastatic Cancers

Shah,

Geller,

Tohme

et al. 2023

Current Oncology

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“…206 By 1943, enrollment in law schools was 1/6 of what it was in 1938. 207 By September, 1944, law school enrollment had decreased 83% since 1936. 208 "Several unaccredited schools closed, never to reopen.…”

Section: The Evolution Of Legal Education In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Legal Education in the United States and the United Kingdom: How one system became more faculty-oriented while the other became more consumer-oriented

Stuckey

2014

IJCLE

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<p>This paper explores how our approaches to preparing lawyers for practice became so different. It traces the evolution of the systems for preparing lawyers for practice in the United Kingdom and the United States, and it examines the relative merits of our current situations. Part I describes the key differences in our systems. Part II recounts major events in the histories of legal education in the United States and the United Kingdom. Part III describes new initiatives in the United Kingdom and the United States that may improve legal education.</p>

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Terms and Theories of Pain

Merskey

1983

Psychosomatic Medicine

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A note on the description of pain and its causes

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Predictors and Consequences of Cancer and Non-Cancer-Related Pain in Those Diagnosed with Primary and Metastatic Cancers

Predictors and Consequences of Cancer and Non-Cancer-Related Pain in Those Diagnosed with Primary and Metastatic Cancers

The Evolution of Legal Education in the United States and the United Kingdom: How one system became more faculty-oriented while the other became more consumer-oriented

Terms and Theories of Pain

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