A Note on the Pathology of the Choroid Plexus in General Paralysis

Taft, A. E.

doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1922.02190080026003

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because this is the first brain structural MRI study examining choroid plexus volume in psychotic disorders, estimates of choroid plexus structural alterations do not exist. However, postmortem studies of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have described morphological changes in the choroid plexus, such as smaller and longer epithelial cells, large cystic formations, epithelial cellular fat depositions, and epithelial hypersecretion, which would suggest that choroid plexus enlargement is a pathological feature of psychosis (11). Additionally, evidence supporting this hypothesis has come from observations of enlargement as a result of tumor formation or calcifications, which have shown that increased size is associated with worse symptoms of cognition, mood, and psychosis, as well as a pattern of regional brain atrophy similar to that found in schizophrenia (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choroid plexus abnormalities have been discussed as a possible pathological feature in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder beginning with Morowoka and Kitabayashi in 1921, when morphological changes in choroid plexus epithelium (smaller and longer cells), vascular endothelium degeneration, large cystic formations, and cellular fat depositions in choroid plexus epithelium cells were identified in schizophrenia and evidence of choroid plexus epithelium hypersecretion and degeneration of vascular epithelium and connective tissue were found in individuals with bipolar mania compared with healthy control subjects (11,12). However, despite these findings, the role of the choroid plexus in psychosis has been largely ignored.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association of Choroid Plexus Enlargement With Cognitive, Inflammatory, and Structural Phenotypes Across the Psychosis Spectrum

Lizano

Lutz

Ling

et al. 2019

AJP

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The choroid plexus is an important physiological barrier and produces CSF and neurotrophic, angiogenic, and inflammatory factors involved in brain development. Choroid plexus abnormalities have been implicated in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A previous choroid plexus transcriptomic analysis of schizophrenia identified an upregulation of immune and inflammatory genes that correlated with peripheral inflammatory markers. The purpose of this study was to examine choroid plexus volume in probands across the psychosis spectrum and in their first-degree and axis II cluster A relatives, as well as choroid plexus familiality and choroid plexus covariance with clinical, cognitive, brain, and peripheral marker measures. Methods: Choroid plexus volume was quantified (using Free-Surfer) in psychosis probands, their first-degree and axis II cluster A relatives, and healthy control subjects, organized by DSM-IV-TR diagnosis. Analyte, structural connectivity, and genotype data were collected from a subset of study subjects.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Choroid Plexus Enlargement With Cognitive, Inflammatory, and Structural Phenotypes Across the Psychosis Spectrum

Lizano

Lutz

Ling

et al. 2019

AJP

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CP abnormalities in schizophrenia are described as early as 1921 demonstrating morphological changes to the CPE, vascular endothelium, as well as hypersecretion [ 87 , 88 ]. Several case reports reported on CP abnormalities being associated with mood, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction [ 89 – 91 ].…”

Section: The Neuropathological Role Of the Choroid Plexus In Neuropsy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the functional neuroanatomy of the choroid plexus: an ontogenetic perspective for studying neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The choroid plexus (CP) is a delicate and highly vascularized structure in the brain comprised of a dense network of fenestrated capillary loops that help in the synthesis, secretion and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This unique neuroanatomical structure is comprised of arachnoid villi stemming from frond-like surface projections—that protrude into the lumen of the four cerebral ventricles—providing a key source of nutrients to the brain parenchyma in addition to serving as a ‘sink’ for central nervous system metabolic waste. In fact, the functions of the CP are often described as being analogous to those of the liver and kidney. Beyond forming a barrier/interface between the blood and CSF compartments, the CP has been identified as a modulator of leukocyte trafficking, inflammation, cognition, circadian rhythm and the gut brain-axis. In recent years, advances in molecular biology techniques and neuroimaging along with the use of sophisticated animal models have played an integral role in shaping our understanding of how the CP–CSF system changes in relation to the maturation of neural circuits during critical periods of brain development. In this article we provide an ontogenetic perspective of the CP and review the experimental evidence implicating this structure in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.

show abstract

“…The earliest observations of ChP morphological changes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders occurred in the early 20 th century, where cystic formations, fibrosis, lipid deposits, and hypersecretory phenotypes were found in ChP epithelial cells, as well as endothelial cell degradation [15][16][17] . We previously reported on ChP enlargement in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and psychotic bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Enlarged Choroid Plexus with Plasma Analyte and Structural Phenotypes in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Multisite Neuroimaging Study

Bannai

Reuter

Hegde

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Choroid plexus (ChP) enlargement has been described in first-episode psychosis and psychosis spectrum disorders, but whether ChP enlargement occurs before disease onset is unknown. This study investigated whether ChP volume is enlarged in individuals with clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis and whether these changes are related to clinical, cortical, and plasma analyte measures. Methods: Clinical and neuroimaging data from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2 (NAPLS2) was used for analysis. A total of 509 participants (169 controls, 340 CHR) were recruited across 8 sites. Conversion status was determined until 2-years of follow-up, with 36 patients developing psychosis. The lateral ventricle ChP was manually segmented from all available baseline brain scans. A subsample of 84 participants (31 controls, 53 CHR) had plasma analyte and neuroimaging data. Results: Compared to controls, CHR overall (d=0.22, p=0.017) and converters (d=0.21, p=0.041) demonstrated higher ChP volumes, but not nonconverters. In CHR, greater ChP volume correlated with lower cortical (r=-0.22, p<0.001) and subcortical gray matter volume (r=-0.21, p<0.001), total white matter volume (r=-0.28,p<0.001), and larger lateral ventricle volume (r=0.63,p<0.001). In CHR, greater ChP volume, but not lateral ventricle volume, correlated with higher C3 (r=0.39, p=0.005) and TSH (r=0.31, p=0.026), and lower MMP7 (r=-0.30, p=0.032) and UMOD (r=-0.33, p=0.019). Conclusions and Relevance: CHR and converters to psychosis demonstrated significantly larger ChP volumes compared to controls. ChP enlargement was associated with cortical volume reduction and increased peripheral inflammatory markers. These findings suggest that the ChP may be a key biomarker in psychosis disease onset and conversion.

show abstract

A Note on the Pathology of the Choroid Plexus in General Paralysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Association of Choroid Plexus Enlargement With Cognitive, Inflammatory, and Structural Phenotypes Across the Psychosis Spectrum

Association of Choroid Plexus Enlargement With Cognitive, Inflammatory, and Structural Phenotypes Across the Psychosis Spectrum

Deconstructing the functional neuroanatomy of the choroid plexus: an ontogenetic perspective for studying neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders

Linking Enlarged Choroid Plexus with Plasma Analyte and Structural Phenotypes in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Multisite Neuroimaging Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About