“…From the structural point of view, they exhibit both a hydrophobic tail with one or several hydrocarbon chains (saturated or unsaturated fatty acids), and a hydrophilic head with one or several polar groups (such as carbohydrates, peptides and amino acids) (Alwadani & Fatehi, 2018;Samsu, et al, 2021). Furthermore, they are classified in three main groups: nonionic, anionic and cationic surfactants (Cheng, et al, 2020;Lichinga, et al, 2022).…”