A novel approach in automatic control of a hybrid bicycle

Indulal, S.; Nair, P. S. Chandramohanan

doi:10.1049/ic:20070627

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The controller learns from changes in the environment and adjusts the motor power adaptively, improving the riding comfort for the cyclist and reducing energy consumption. The systems developed by Liang et al 23 and Indulal and Nair 24 use fuzzy logic to regulate the speed of the bicycle.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating a heart rate regulation system for human–electric hybrid vehicles

Meyer

Senner

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heart rate regulation systems for human–electric hybrid vehicles (such as electric bicycles) might help to promote physical activity and prevent overexertion. To date, there has not been a thorough evaluation that shows the benefits and limitations of such a system compared to a conventional assistance. In this article, the authors evaluated a control system that adjusts the motor torque of a four-wheeled human–electric hybrid vehicle prototype (QuadRad) to maintain the heart rate of the cyclist within user-specified limits. A randomized block design was used to validate the system. A total of 42 persons performed a 70-min test cycle with the QuadRad on a stationary test rig. Participants were equally divided into 14 blocks based on an estimate of their fitness level. Within each block, participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups. The three groups compared the following: (1) regulation of subjectively perceived exertion using standard assistance, (2) regulation of heart rate using standard assistance and (3) regulation of heart rate using control system. A non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences between the three groups for mean absolute deviation of the heart rate from the reference heart rate [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]. Post hoc comparison showed that [Formula: see text] was significantly lower for groups 2 [Formula: see text] and 3 [Formula: see text] compared to group 1 and similar between groups 2 and 3 [Formula: see text]. Time out of the heart rate zone [Formula: see text] was significantly different between all groups [Formula: see text]. Post hoc analysis showed that [Formula: see text] was lower for groups 2 [Formula: see text] and 3 [Formula: see text] compared to group 1 and similar between groups 2 and 3 [Formula: see text]. The results indicated that cyclists can use the system to maintain their heart rate within self-chosen limits without having to monitor their heart rate or manually change the assistance mode.

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating a heart rate regulation system for human–electric hybrid vehicles

Meyer

Senner

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a similar way, Cardone et al [11] also presented a model‐based optimal torque control considering the slope, the human torque, and the rolling resistance for power‐assisted electric bikes. In the literature, the fuzzy‐logic theory also has been employed to energetically adjust the assist power [12–17]. For example, Guarisco et al [15] developed a fuzzy‐logic controller (FLC) to ensure the distribution of the total power control by taking the human–bike coupling into consideration for an electric bike with all‐wheel drive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced fuzzy‐logic‐based power‐assisted control with user‐adaptive systems for human‐electric bikes

Lee

Jiang

2019

IET Intelligent Transport Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Different control of a hybrid bicycle has been tried earlier such as PAS, in which the electric drive assistance will be employed when the pedal cranking speed is increased. A fuzzy logic controller [1] was also tried to control the voltage input to the motor as per the pedal torque and the error in speed. In this method the bulkiness of the system consisting of large batteries, in-compatibility of the Permanent Magnet dc (PMDC) motor used and a less efficient chain tension sensor are the disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real time analysis of an intelligent torque controller for a hybrid bicycle

Indulal¹,

Ushakumari²,

Nair³

2018

IJET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most of the means of transportation is based on Internal Combustion engines, since they are fast and furious means of transportation. But bicycles are also relevant nowadays since they are the ideal means of the short commutation and which also helps in improving the human health by serving as a work out machine. But in our busy life bicycles are not preferred due to the uneven terrains. Electric bikes are the solution for this issue. Pedal assist sensor (PAS) based hybrid bicycle are also available, which will intermittently turn on and control the speed of electric drive based on the pedal crank speed. Thus there the electric drive assistance will be provided based on the speed of the pedal cranking. The real assistance should be provided when our torque requirement is needed. This paper deal with a novel sensor which sends the effort required at the pedal by the rider and intelligently control the electric drive so as to meet the required torque. The advantage of this controller is that the rider need to give only the same effort at the pedal irrespective of the terrain variations for a constant speed ride. A Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is proposed here. The performance of the controller is simulated and analysed with the experimental results to prove the efficacy of the proposed technique.

show abstract

A novel approach in automatic control of a hybrid bicycle

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluating a heart rate regulation system for human–electric hybrid vehicles

Evaluating a heart rate regulation system for human–electric hybrid vehicles

Enhanced fuzzy‐logic‐based power‐assisted control with user‐adaptive systems for human‐electric bikes

Real time analysis of an intelligent torque controller for a hybrid bicycle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About