A novel aptamer-functionalized MoS2 nanosheet fluorescent biosensor for sensitive detection of prostate specific antigen

Abstract

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a significant and the most widely used biomarker for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer and its subsequent treatment. A MoS2 nanosheet is a two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterial analogous to graphene. However, a MoS2 nanosheet has a higher fluorescence-quenching ability than graphene when applied to a dye-labeled single-stranded DNA probe. In this work, we propose a novel aptamer-functionalized MoS2 nanosheet fluorescent biosensor that detects PSA. The binding of the aptamer to the target PSA induces a rigid aptamer structure which makes the integration with the MoS2 nanosheet very weak. This results in the release of the aptamer probe from the nanosheet surface and restores the quenched fluorescence. This approach has the advantage of simple design and rapid detection of PSA. The biosensor has the merits of high sensitivity and high selectivity with a detection limit for the PSA of 0.2 ng/mL. The biosensor was also successfully applied to the detection of PSA in human serum samples with satisfactory results. The foregoing indicates its promising application to real-life biological samples.

Comparison of MoS2, WS2, and Graphene Oxide for DNA Adsorption and Sensing

“…[16][17][18][19] Using these two materials for DNA-based sensing was reported with simple DNA oligonucleotides, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] as well as aptamers, 28,29 and DNAzymes. 30 Thiolated DNA was also attached to AuNPs to improve sensing based the intrinsic photoluminescence property of MoS2.…”

Graphene-like 2D nanomaterial-based biointerfaces for biosensing applications

“…On this basis, they also found Ta 2 NiS 5 can be served as efficient nanoquchers and developed more sensitive DNA sensors with detection limit of 50 pM, lower that of MoS 2 mentioned above (0.5 nM) (Tan et al 2015). Several sensing platforms based on MoS 2 nanosheets were for the detection of DNA, proteins and small molecules Huang et al 2015b;Kong et al 2015;Zhang et al 2015b;Zhu et al 2013). As such, WS 2 Yuan et al 2014), g-C 3 N 4 (Liao et al 2014;Wang et al 2013b), MnO 2 nanosheets (Zhai et al 2014) were also used as efficient nanoquenchers to develop novel fluorescent sensors.…”

Nano-Aptamer for Breast Cancer Imaging: Initial Considerations

“…Anaerobic metabolism is induced resulting in the formation of lactate, which lowers intracellular pH [3][4]. For this reason, several DDSs/carriers are designed to release the drug at an acidic pH.…”

“…Therefore, various molecules can be conjugated to DDSs/carriers to serve as drivers for the tumour. These include monoclonal antibodies, polyunsaturated fatty acids, folic acid, hyaluronic acid, oligopeptides and aptamers [4][5][6][7].…”