A Novel Autotrophic Bacterium Isolated from an Engineered Wetland System Links Nitrate-Coupled Iron Oxidation to the Removal of As, Zn and S

Mattes, Al; Gould, Douglas; Taupp, Marcus; Glasauer, Susan

doi:10.1007/s11270-013-1490-8

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Such a mechanism could allow the bacteria to prevent Fe(III) precipitation adjacent to the cell, while the abiotic oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrite observed for mixotrophic and heterotrophic nitrate reducers (35) does not allow control over the location of Fe(III) precipitation and even takes place in the periplasm, where the nitrite is present (45). It has to be noted, however, that encrustation has also been observed in some bacteria that were reported as autotrophic nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers, but it remains unclear whether these strains are indeed autotrophic (19,20,22,46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrate-reducing bacteria face encrustation in Fe(III) minerals in the presence of Fe(II), as discussed in detail by Klueglein et al (35). Since most studies with nitrate-reducing bacteria that encrust in Fe(III) minerals were conducted using batch cultures with Fe(II) concentrations in the high (5 to 10) millimolar range (3,9,22,35,39,46), an open question is whether such a cell encrustation also occurs in the environment where lower Fe(II) concentrations (micromolar concentrations of tens to hundreds) are common. We found that encrustation did not occur in pure cultures of Nocardioides sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enrichment culture KS described by Straub et al (10) was the first described NRFeOB culture capable of autotrophic growth by Fe(II) oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction that can be maintained continuously under chemolithoautotrophic conditions. Since then, only a few pure cultures capable of autotrophic nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidation (NRFeO) have been described in the literature (4,5,8,10,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). However, the ability for continuous Fe(II) oxidation and growth under autotrophic conditions over several generations has not yet been shown for all of these cultures.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Insights into Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II) Oxidation Mechanisms through Analysis of Cell-Mineral Associations, Cell Encrustation, and Mineralogy in the Chemolithoautotrophic Enrichment Culture KS

Nordhoff

Tominski

Halama

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Most described nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (NRFeOB) are mixotrophic and depend on organic cosubstrates for growth. Encrustation of cells in Fe(III) minerals has been observed for mixotrophic NRFeOB but not for autotrophic phototrophic and microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidizers. So far, little is known about cellmineral associations in the few existing autotrophic NRFeOB. Here, we investigate whether the designated autotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing strain (closely related to Gallionella and Sideroxydans) or the heterotrophic nitrate reducers that are present in the autotrophic nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing enrichment culture KS form mineral crusts during Fe(II) oxidation under autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. In the mixed culture, we found no significant encrustation of any of the cells both during autotrophic oxidation of 8 to 10 mM Fe(II) coupled to nitrate reduction and during cultivation under mixotrophic conditions with 8 to 10 mM Fe(II), 5 mM acetate, and 4 mM nitrate, where higher numbers of heterotrophic nitrate reducers were present. Two pure cultures of heterotrophic nitrate reducers (Nocardioides and Rhodanobacter) isolated from culture KS were analyzed under mixotrophic growth conditions. We found green rust formation, no cell encrustation, and only a few mineral particles on some cell surfaces with 5 mM Fe(II) and some encrustation with 10 mM Fe(II). Our findings suggest that enzymatic, autotrophic Fe(II) oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction forms poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxyhydroxides and proceeds without cellular encrustation while indirect Fe(II) oxidation via heterotrophic nitrate-reductionderived nitrite can lead to green rust as an intermediate mineral and significant cell encrustation. The extent of encrustation caused by indirect Fe(II) oxidation by reactive nitrogen species depends on Fe(II) concentrations and is probably negligible under environmental conditions in most habitats.IMPORTANCE Most described nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (NRFeOB) are mixotrophic (their growth depends on organic cosubstrates) and can become encrusted in Fe(III) minerals. Encrustation is expected to be harmful and poses a threat to cells if it also occurs under environmentally relevant conditions. Nitrite produced during heterotrophic denitrification reacts with Fe(II) abiotically and is probably the reason for encrustation in mixotrophic NRFeOB. Little is known about cell-mineral associations in autotrophic NRFeOB such as the enrichment culture KS. Here, we show that no encrustation occurs in culture KS under autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions while heterotrophic nitrate-reducing isolates from culture KS become en-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II) Oxidation Mechanisms through Analysis of Cell-Mineral Associations, Cell Encrustation, and Mineralogy in the Chemolithoautotrophic Enrichment Culture KS

Nordhoff

Tominski

Halama

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In many cases, anaerobic conditions lead to resolubilization of iron, due to bacterially enhanced iron reduction to Fe(II), concomitant with As release [60]. Nevertheless, bacterial formation of Fe oxy-hydroxides is possible under anoxic conditions with nitrate as the electron acceptor for iron oxidizing bacteria, and one such microbe was isolated from the BCR [61]. Although evidence of arsenic or zinc adsorption on iron oxide particles was not observed in the samples used for this study, iron oxides, such as magnetite, were present, and in one case, particle X-ray analysis found magnetite adjacent to sphalerite.…”

Section: Other Possible Mechanisms For Mineral Formation In the Bcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical Study of a Biologically-Based Treatment System That Removes Arsenic, Zinc and Copper from Landfill Leachate

2013

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Mineralogical characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a high throughput automated quantitative evaluation of minerals by scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was conducted on samples from a sulphate-reducing biochemical reactor (BCR) treating high concentrations of metals (As, Zn, Cu) in smelter waste landfill seepage. The samples were also subjected to energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of specific particles. The bulk analysis results revealed that the samples consisted mainly of silicate and carbonate minerals. More detailed phase analysis indicated four different classes: zinc-arsenic sulphosalts/sulphates, zinc-arsenic oxides, zinc phosphates and zinc-lead sulphosalts/sulphates. This suggests that sulphates and sulphides are the predominant types of Zn and As minerals formed in the BCR. Sphalerite (ZnS) was a common mineral observed in many of the samples. In addition, X-ray point analysis showed evidence of As and Zn coating around feldspar and amphibole particles. The presence of arsenic-zinc-iron, with or without cadmium particles, indicated arsenopyrite minerals. Copper-iron-sulphide particles suggested chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) and tennantite (Cu,Fe) 12 As 4 S 13 . Microbial communities found in each sample were correlated with metal content to describe taxonomic groups associated with high-metal samples. The research results highlight mineral grains that were present or formed at the site that might be the predominant forms of immobilized arsenic, zinc and copper.

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“…In spite of that, established remediation technologies are typically more effective in removing As(V) than As(III) [5]. Indeed, due to its higher mobility, arsenite removal by precipitation or and oxygen (or nitrate) as terminal electron acceptor in their respiratory metabolism [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic arsenite oxidation with an electrode serving as the sole electron acceptor: A novel approach to the bioremediation of arsenic-polluted groundwater

Pous

Casentini

Rossetti

et al. 2015

Journal of Hazardous Materials

100

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A Novel Autotrophic Bacterium Isolated from an Engineered Wetland System Links Nitrate-Coupled Iron Oxidation to the Removal of As, Zn and S

Cited by 38 publications

References 62 publications

Insights into Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II) Oxidation Mechanisms through Analysis of Cell-Mineral Associations, Cell Encrustation, and Mineralogy in the Chemolithoautotrophic Enrichment Culture KS

Insights into Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II) Oxidation Mechanisms through Analysis of Cell-Mineral Associations, Cell Encrustation, and Mineralogy in the Chemolithoautotrophic Enrichment Culture KS

Mineralogical Study of a Biologically-Based Treatment System That Removes Arsenic, Zinc and Copper from Landfill Leachate

Anaerobic arsenite oxidation with an electrode serving as the sole electron acceptor: A novel approach to the bioremediation of arsenic-polluted groundwater

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