A Novel Calix[4]arene Thiourea Decorated with 2‐(2‐Aminophenyl)benzothiazole Moiety as Highly Selective Chemical Gas Sensor for Dichloromethane Vapor

Abstract

A newly synthesized calix [4]arene thiourea derivative decorated with 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzothiazole unit is selected to take part important role in host-guest interactions of the macrocyclic molecules. p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene dithiourea (C[4]-DT) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) thin films are prepared and characterized to develop a new sensing element for the detection of seven different organic vapors (dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, toluene and m-xylene). The preparation of C[4]-DT-based thin films onto the different substrates was successfully and uniformly achieved with linear regressions of 0.9971 and 0.9954 for coating onto quartz glass and quartz crystal, respectively. The frequency shift (61.01 Hz) and the mass deposited onto quartz crystal (969.80 ng) were calculated for each layer. The swelling dynamics of C[4]-DT QCM chemical sensor was also illuminated by developing the early time Fick's diffusion equation. The sensing measurements can be concluded that owing to its high sensitivity (6.63 Hz/ ppm), fast response and low detection limit (0.45 ppm), this proposed C[4]-DT LB coated sensor is expected to be promising alternative chemical sensor for detection of DCM vapor.

Molecular Environment Effects That Modulate the Photophysical Properties of Novel 1,3-Phosphinoamines Based on 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole

“…In summary, we synthesized and characterized a novel 1,3-phosphinoamine (1) bearing 4-amino-2,1,3-benzothaidiazole moiety and its oxide (2), sulphide (3), and selenide (4). For 2, two pseudopolymorphs, 2α and 2β•thf, were prepared; the latter gradually loses solvate thf molecules upon aging in air, transforming to solvate-free 2β.…”

“…Molecular environment effects appear as an intriguing phenomenon that give rise to unique photophysical properties of compounds both in the solid state and in solution, e.g., mechanochromism [1], solvatochromism [2], aggregation-induced emission [2], etc. These properties open up prospects for the design of smart materials for sensors, [3] optoelectronic devices [4], and biological labelling [5]. For these purposes, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (btd) derivatives have been extensively studied owing to the prospects for their applications in organic light-emitting diodes [6], luminescent sensors [7], and bioimaging [5].…”

Paving the Way for a Green Transition in the Design of Sensors and Biosensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

“…In the last decade, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique combined with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system using Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) thin films have emerged for the detection of VOCs due to the high sensitivity and reliability of the methodology combined with low experimental costs and limited environmental impact. Durmaz et al exploited these features to prepare a sensitive LB film coated QCM sensor for the detection of DCM [ 105 ]. In detail, a calix[4]arene-dithiourea receptor, denoted “C[4]-DT”, was used to form a thin film over quartz crystals for QCM measurements.…”

Tailoring Thiazole Decorated Polymer with Benzoselenadiazole for Enhanced SO2 Sensing

“…Ozkaya et al have synthesized a thiazole-based p - tert -butylcalix­[4]­arene diamine which produced C[4]-DT. They used a C[4]-DT LB fabricated sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of DCM . Additionally, incorporating a benzoselenadiazole ring in the CPs promotes electron-deficient behavior and decreases the band gap of the CPs. , Moreover, the strong polarizability of Se provides an electrophilic center that allows weak interactions with other molecules .…”