A novel catalyst of titanium boride toward V3+/V2+ redox reaction for vanadium redox flow battery

Xue, Jing; Jiang, Yingqiao; Zhang, Zixuan; Zhang, Tongxue; Han, Chao; Liu, Yongguang; Chen, Zhongsheng; Xie, Zong‐Bo; Zhang, Le; Dai, Lei; He, Zhangxing

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159915

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…[7] The presence of Ti-O on the surface of TiB 2 -Ar and TiB 2 -N is caused by the unavoidable partial oxidation when TiB 2 is exposed to the air. [11] From the N 1s XPS spectra in Figure S6b, Supporting Information, the TiB 2 -N can be divided into three peaks located at BN (398.0 and 397.3 eV) and absorbed N (399.2 eV), respectively, confirming the electron-rich N species bonded to the electron-deficient B. [12] In addition, the morphology of TiB 2 -Ar and TiB 2 -N remains similar to TiB 2 (Figure S7, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Activity and Kinetics Of The Electrocatalytic V 2+ /V 3+mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Huang

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Fundamental kinetics of the V2+/V3+ of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) are still not well understood despite tremendous efforts in improving the sluggish kinetics of V2+/V3+. This article first reveals the rate‐determining step in the electrochemical oxidation of V2+ to V3+ by exploring the reaction kinetics. Thereafter, TiB2 with abundant electron‐deficient sites, which possesses a strong electron‐accepting ability, is demonstrated to improve the rate‐determining step of V2+/V3+ by enhancing the electron transfer from V2+ to the electrode. The mechanism of TiB2 for boosting V2+/V3+ kinetics is also unraveled by analyzing the reaction order. VRFB with the electron‐deficient TiB2 demonstrates a remarkable enhancement in the electrochemical performance, exhibiting an excellent rate performance from 70 to 300 mA cm−2. The energy efficiency is improved by 14.06% compared to the cell with the pristine electrode at 150 mA cm−2 for 300 cycles. This study is critical for not only proposing the promising electron‐deficient catalyst in VRFB application but also promoting fundamental understanding and offering a design strategy for achieving superior performance electrocatalysts in VRFB.

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Section: Activity and Kinetics Of The Electrocatalytic V 2+ /V 3+mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Huang

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The effect of titanium boride (TiB 2 ) on the negative halfcell reactions of VRFB was investigated. 117 With TiB 2 doping, the discharge voltage was increased from 1.18 to 1.23 V at 100 mA/cm 2 .…”

Section: Metal-based Electrocatalysts Modified On Graphite Feltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrolyte usage ratio and the energy efficiency were 80.1% and 81.3%, which were 41.7% and 15.7% greater than for the bare electrode cell. The effect of titanium boride (TiB 2 ) on the negative half‐cell reactions of VRFB was investigated 117 . With TiB 2 doping, the discharge voltage was increased from 1.18 to 1.23 V at 100 mA/cm 2 .…”

Section: Carbon and Metal‐based Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of carbon‐based and metal‐based electrocatalysts in the vanadium redox flow battery

Taş

Elden

2021

Energy Storage

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The vanadium redox flow battery mainly consists of an electrode, membrane, and electrolyte. Positive and negative electrodes have great importance to the battery's performance. Electrodes were treated thermally, acid and plasma and modified with carbon-based and metal-based electrocatalysts to increase their electrochemical activity, active area, stability, and functional groups. In this study, comprehensive research was conducted on carbon-based and metal-based electrocatalysts. Furthermore, modification and treatment methods, chargedischarge potential, maximum capacity, capacity fading, and energy efficiency of the electrode were examined at the same current density. The highest energy efficiency of the carbon-based electrocatalyst was obtained for graphite felt doped with carbon nanoparticles. The energy efficiency of bare graphite felt was 67.4%, the efficiency increased up to 84.8% with the carbon nanoparticle electrocatalyst.Ohmic loss was reduced, and operating voltage window was enlarged. For metal electrocatalysts, the highest energy efficiency was obtained by titanium nitride modification. The energy efficiency increased from 68% to 89% in comparison to the bare electrode. Electrode kinetics and reversibility were improved by electrocatalyst doping, and the active area of the electrode was increased.

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“…Therefore, there is a need for safe, efficient, and affordable, energy storage applications to sustain energy needs 1 . Solar and wind power are the most widely used renewable energy resources; however, developing a large‐scale electrochemical energy storage system plays a vital role in supplying energy requirements 2 . Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has become one of the most promising technologies for electrochemical energy storage devices due to its significant advantages over other energy storage systems such as long cycle life, high safety, and high efficiency 3‐5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,16 Generally, metal oxide (Mn 3 O 4 , PbO 2 , CeO 2 , WO 3 , TiO 2 , etc.) 2,5,10,17 and metal (Ni, Sb, Bi, Cu, Ir, Ni, etc.) are deposited on the carbon-based electrode to obtain more active sites for V 3+ /V 2+ redox pairs and enhance catalytic activity, cyclic stability, and energy efficiency of VRFB performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple in situ deposition of metal alloys on graphite surface based on Sb, Bi, Cu, and Sn as an electrocatalyst for V ³ ⁺ / V ² ⁺ redox reaction

Özçelik

Ertekin

Pekmez

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The electrocatalytic effect of Sb3+, Bi3+, Cu2+, and Sn2+ ions is investigated for V3+/V2+ redox reaction on graphite electrode, and their binary, ternary, and quaternary ions are also studied for the first time. Herein, metal ions are reduced, and the electrodeposition of metals is carried out in situ during the V3+/V2+ redox reaction by a rapid one‐step process. Scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive X‐ray mapping analyses show that target metals are homogeneously distributed on the electrode surface and deposited in nano‐sized particles with the size of 50 to 100 nm. The deposited metals and metal alloys are also verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A series of cyclic voltammogram studies for the V3+/V2+ couple in the presence of different metal ion compositions are performed to examine Ipa/Ipc and ∆E values. Sb3+ has the Ipa/Ipc (0.81) value closest to 1 and the smallest ∆E (118 mV) values among the single ions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments reveal a significant decrease in the charge transfer resistance value for the V3+/V2+ redox couple in all‐metal combinations. The best electrochemical activities are achieved in the presence of metal combinations containing Sb and Bi, and the lowest Rct value (0.11 Ω) is reached in the Cu‐Sb‐Bi alloy. The present study suggests that the in situ modification of the graphite electrode with nano‐particles of metals and metal alloys by one‐step electrochemical deposition exhibits potential use for vanadium redox flow batteries.

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A novel catalyst of titanium boride toward V3+/V2+ redox reaction for vanadium redox flow battery

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

A comprehensive review of carbon‐based and metal‐based electrocatalysts in the vanadium redox flow battery

A simple in situ deposition of metal alloys on graphite surface based on Sb, Bi, Cu, and Sn as an electrocatalyst for V ³ ⁺ / V ² ⁺ redox reaction

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A novel catalyst of titanium boride toward V3+/V2+ redox reaction for vanadium redox flow battery

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V2+/V3+ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V2+/V3+ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

A comprehensive review of carbon‐based and metal‐based electrocatalysts in the vanadium redox flow battery

A simple in situ deposition of metal alloys on graphite surface based on Sb, Bi, Cu, and Sn as an electrocatalyst for V 3 + / V 2 + redox reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Electron‐Deficient Sites for Improving V²⁺/V³⁺ Redox Kinetics in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

A simple in situ deposition of metal alloys on graphite surface based on Sb, Bi, Cu, and Sn as an electrocatalyst for V ³ ⁺ / V ² ⁺ redox reaction