A novel class of MADS box genes is involved in ovule development in petunia.

Angenent, Gerco C.; Franken, John; Busscher, Marco; Dijken, Anja van; Went, J.L. van; Dons, Hans J. M.; Tunen, Arjen J. van

doi:10.1105/tpc.7.10.1569

Cited by 263 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moreover, studies on gene expression patterns in flowers of model plants including Arabidopsis , Petunia , and Oryza also indicate that STK, FBP7, FBP11, AGL11, and OsMADS13 are restricted to placenta/ovules (Angenent et al, 1995; Rounsley et al, 1995; Pinyopich et al, 2003; Dreni et al, 2007; Yoo et al, 2010; Li et al, 2011), while DL, CRC, and YABBY only to ovary wall (Yamaguchi et al, 2004; Dreni et al, 2007; Li et al, 2011). This implies that placenta is a distinct floral organ equivalent to a secondary shoot and independent of carpel and it is recruited onto ovary wall later in angiosperms (Angenent et al, 1995; Roe et al, 1997; Skinner et al, 2004). These conclusions are plausible considering that ovules are borne on fertile shoots in gymnosperms that have no carpels (Bierhorst, 1971; Biswas and Johri, 1997), and that ovule formation has nothing to do with carpels in mutant angiosperm (Lersten and Don, 1966; Dave et al, 1981; Skinner et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular anatomy of kiwi fruit and its implications for the origin of carpels

et al. 2013

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Kiwi fruit is of great agricultural, botanical, and economic interest. The flower of kiwi fruit has axile placentation, which is typical for Actinidiaceae. Axile placentation is thought derived through fusion of conduplicate carpels with marginal placentation according to the traditional doctrine. Recent progress in angiosperm systematics has refuted this traditional doctrine and placed ANITA clade rather than Magnoliaceae as the basalmost clade. However, the former traditional doctrine stays in the classrooms as the only teachable theory for the origin of carpels. To test the validity of this doctrine, we performed anatomical study on kiwi fruit. Our study indicates that the placenta has a vascular system independent of that of the ovary wall, the ovules/seeds are attached to the placenta that is a continuation of floral axis enclosed by the lateral appendages that constitute the ovary wall, and there are some amphicribral bundles in the center of placenta and numerous amphicribral bundles supplying ovules/seeds in kiwi fruit. The amphicribral vascular bundles supplying the ovules/seeds are comparable to those usually seen in branches, but not comparable to those seen in leaves or their derivatives. This comparison indicates that the placenta in kiwi fruit cannot be derived from the fusion of collateral ventral bundles of conduplicate carpels, as suggested by traditional doctrine. Instead the vascular organization in placenta of kiwi suggests that the placenta is a shoot apex-bearing ovules/seeds laterally. This conclusion is in line with the recently raised Unifying Theory, in which the placenta is taken as an ovule-bearing branch independent of the ovary wall (carpel in strict sense). Similar vascular organization in placenta has been seen in numerous isolated taxa besides kiwi fruit. Therefore whether such a pattern is applicable for other angiosperms is an interesting question awaiting answering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular anatomy of kiwi fruit and its implications for the origin of carpels

et al. 2013

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“…OMADS4 is specifically expressed only in stamens and carpels, thus resembling the expression patterns of other class C genes [111, 115, 116]. OMADS2 is only expressed in carpels, in accordance with other class D genes [117, 118]. Despite the sequence similarity, the expression patterns of OMADS4 and OMADS2 are quite divergent when compared with those of PhalAG1 and PhalAG2 and may reflect a functional evolutionary divergence of the class C/D genes in Oncidium and Phalaenopsis , with a more redundant role in the latter species than in Oncidium [95].…”

Section: The Orchid Class C and D Mads-box Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MADS and the Beauty: Genes Involved in the Development of Orchid Flowers

Aceto

Gaudio

2011

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Since the time of Darwin, biologists have studied the origin and evolution of the Orchidaceae, one of the largest families of flowering plants. In the last two decades, the extreme diversity and specialization of floral morphology and the uncoupled rate of morphological and molecular evolution that have been observed in some orchid species have spurred interest in the study of the genes involved in flower development in this plant family. As part of the complex network of regulatory genes driving the formation of flower organs, the MADS-box represents the most studied gene family, both from functional and evolutionary perspectives. Despite the absence of a published genome for orchids, comparative genetic analyses are clarifying the functional role and the evolutionary pattern of the MADS-box genes in orchids. Various evolutionary forces act on the MADS-box genes in orchids, such as diffuse purifying selection and the relaxation of selective constraints, which sometimes reveals a heterogeneous selective pattern of the coding and non-coding regions. The emerging theory regarding the evolution of floral diversity in orchids proposes that the diversification of the orchid perianth was a consequence of duplication events and changes in the regulatory regions of the MADS-box genes, followed by sub- and neo-functionalization. This specific developmental-genetic code is termed the “orchid code.”

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“…In plants, one of the most significant features of the MADS-box gene family is its essential role in the ABCDE model of flowering [2]. Numerous studies have identified its vital function in the formation and growth of floral organs [3], anthesis time [4], ovule development [5] and the ripening of fruits and seeds [6]. MADS-box gene family members have also been reported to be involved in stress responses [7], including abiotic and biotic responses [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the MADS-box gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Yang

Luo

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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The MADS-box genes encode transcription factors with key roles in plant growth and development. A comprehensive analysis of the MADS-box gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has not yet been conducted, and our understanding of their roles in stress is rather limited. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the MADS-box gene family in wheat. A total of 180 MADS-box genes classified as 32 Mα, 5 Mγ, 5 Mδ, and 138 MIKC types were identified. Evolutionary analysis of the orthologs among T. urartu, Aegilops tauschii and wheat as well as homeologous sequences analysis among the three sub-genomes in wheat revealed that gene loss and chromosomal rearrangements occurred during and/or after the origin of bread wheat. Forty wheat MADS-box genes that were expressed throughout the investigated tissues and development stages were identified. The genes that were regulated in response to both abiotic stresses (i.e., phosphorus deficiency, drought, heat, and combined drought and heat) and biotic stresses (i.e., Fusarium graminearum, Septoria tritici, stripe rust and powdery mildew) were detected as well. A few notable MADS-box genes were specifically expressed in a single tissue and those showed relatively higher expression differences between the stress and control treatment. The expression patterns of considerable MADS-box genes differed from those of their orthologs in Brachypodium, rice, and Arabidopsis. Collectively, the present study provides new insights into the possible roles of MADS-box genes in response to stresses and will be valuable for further functional studies of important candidate MADS-box genes.

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A novel class of MADS box genes is involved in ovule development in petunia.

Cited by 263 publications

References 34 publications

Vascular anatomy of kiwi fruit and its implications for the origin of carpels

Vascular anatomy of kiwi fruit and its implications for the origin of carpels

The MADS and the Beauty: Genes Involved in the Development of Orchid Flowers

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the MADS-box gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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